“…When the literature was examined it was observed that gender was a significant variable for classroom participation (Sever, Ulubey, Toraman, & Türe, 2014). However, no significant results were obtained in our study (You, Kim, Black, & Min, 2018), and gender has no significant effect with chemistry self-efficacy (Boz, Yerdelen-Damar, Aydemir, & Aydemir 2016). Besides, studies revealing the significant effect of gender are also noteworthy.…”