Assessing mineral and toxic elements content in rice grains grown in southern Brazil

Oliveira, Victoria Freitas de; Busanello, Carlos; Viana, Vívian Ebeling; Stafen, Cássia Fernanda; Pedrolo, Ana Marina; Paniz, Fernanda Pollo; Pedron, Tatiana; Pereira, Rodrigo Mendes; Rosa, Silvana Alves; Magalhaes, A. M. de; Oliveira, Antônio Costa de; Batista, Bruno Lemos; Pegoraro, Camila

doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103914

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Lin et al [15] grew 95 inbred lines in the field and identified low-grain-Cd accumulation genotypes in maize. Similar results are also found in rice, barley and wheat [113][114][115][116].…”

Section: Approaches To Decrease CD Accumulationsupporting

confidence: 85%

Cadmium Accumulation in Cereal Crops and Tobacco: A Review

Mei¹,

Lin

Williams

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal with no known biological function in plants and one of the most toxic substances released into the environment. Crops, such as rice, maize, wheat and tobacco are the major sources of Cd for humans. Cd toxicity inhibits crop growth and development by affecting many central physiological and biochemical processes, and finally it affects human health via the food chain. To adapt to Cd toxicity, crops have evolved a series of detoxification mechanisms. Immediate responses include rapid changes at the transcriptional level with simultaneous changes at the physiological and metabolic levels. However, the long-term responses involve genetic modifications and epigenetic changes. During the last decade, many genes involved in Cd uptake and translocation have been identified, and many of them are transporters. To decrease the accumulation of Cd in cereal grains and tobacco leaves, a number of approaches have been proposed, including physical and chemical methods, developing and planting low accumulation genotypes using transgenic strategies or marker–trait association breeding. In this review, we describe the toxicity of Cd to crops and human body, advances in the molecular mechanisms of Cd accumulation in cereal crops and tobacco, and approaches to decrease Cd accumulation.

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Section: Approaches To Decrease CD Accumulationsupporting

confidence: 85%

Cadmium Accumulation in Cereal Crops and Tobacco: A Review

Mei¹,

Lin

Williams

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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“…A range of low-to-moderate GI values was also reported for the fortified rice [96]. It has been discovered that heat treatment during parboiling debranches amylopectin and creates linear amylose molecules, hence decreasing the GI of rice [79]. The amylose-lipid complex forms more efficiently during parboiling and remains insoluble in water, making it more resistant to enzyme hydrolysis [94].…”

Section: Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Because these compounds are present in large concentrations in the germ and aleurone layers, grinding significantly reduces their levels [72]. Beneficial micronutrients contained in rice grains include iron, zinc, copper, and selenium [79,80]. The presence of heavy metals such as arsenic during cultivation can accumulate in food crops and be ingested by humans in rice grains [81].…”

Section: Ashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parboiled Rice Processing Method, Rice Quality, Health Benefits, Environment, and Future Perspectives: A Review

et al. 2023

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Parboiled rice is recognized for its greater milling yield and reduced rice breakage compared to raw rice during processing. Additionally, parboiled rice has better glycemic control and numerous health benefits. However, the production of parboiled rice requires energy-intensive processing as well as wastewater production. This study reviews parboiled rice, including its processing condition, nutritional properties, potential use, emerging green technologies, and health benefits. It also discussed the outlook and challenges regarding parboiled rice. In addition, a novel overview of emerging green solutions applied to the process to minimize wastewater creation during parboiling and reduce excessive energy usage is provided. The limitation of parboiled rice for a new market preference is the color. An intense process would cause an unwanted physical appearance. A thorough study should balance the multiple advantages of parboiled rice with the reasonable intensity of the process. Due to its multiple advantages, parboiled rice is demonstrated to be a possible breakthrough in the agriculture and food industries. This review aims to provide a thorough understanding that can be used for academic and industrial purposes.

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“…Only a few studies have evaluated exposure to iAs in rice in Brazil [ 15 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. In the present study, we focused on a probabilistic analysis of the risk of exposure to iAs in polished (white) and husked (brown) rice from Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Inorganic Arsenic in Rice in Brazil: A Human Health Risk Assessment

Toledo

Lee

Batista

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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In certain populations, rice is the main source of exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs), which is associated with cancer and non-cancer effects. Although rice is a staple food in Brazil, there have been few studies about the health risks for the Brazilian population. The objective of this study was to assess the risks of exposure to iAs from white rice and brown rice in Brazil, in terms of the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects, and to propose measures to mitigate those risks. The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) and hazard quotient (HQ) were calculated in a probabilistic framework. The mean ILCR was 1.5 × 10−4 for white rice and 6.0 × 10−6 for brown rice. The HQ for white and brown rice was under 1. The ILCR for white and brown rice was high, even though the iAs concentration in rice is below the maximum contaminant level. The risk for brown rice consumption was lower, which was not expected. Various mitigation measures discussed in this report are estimated to reduce the risk from rice consumption by 5–67%. With the support of public policies, measures to reduce these risks for the Brazilian population would have a positive impact on public health.

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Assessing mineral and toxic elements content in rice grains grown in southern Brazil

Cited by 15 publications

References 57 publications

Cadmium Accumulation in Cereal Crops and Tobacco: A Review

Cadmium Accumulation in Cereal Crops and Tobacco: A Review

Parboiled Rice Processing Method, Rice Quality, Health Benefits, Environment, and Future Perspectives: A Review

Exposure to Inorganic Arsenic in Rice in Brazil: A Human Health Risk Assessment

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