Ascospore release and survival in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Clarkson, John P.; Staveley, John; Phelps, K.; Young, Caroline; Whipps, J. M.

doi:10.1017/s0953756203007159

Cited by 95 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A single sclerotium of different geographical isolate was surface sterilized separately in 1% (v/v) sodium hypochlorite and 70% ethanol for 2-3 min and thoroughly washed in sterile distilled water. Individual sclerotium was cut half and placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) under laminar air flow (Clarkson et al, 2003). Isolates of S. sclerotiorum were subcultured and maintained at 22 ± 2°C on potato dextrose agar (PDA) under 12 h alternate fluorescent lights.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and morphological variability of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum isolates of oilseed Brassica in India

Sharma¹,

P²,

S³

et al. 2013

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is one of the most serious disease and causes damage to oilseed Brassica. Seventeen geographical isolates of S. sclerotiorum from different geographical locations of India were compared for their growth under artificial culture conditions and the result was validated through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Based on the morphological studies, the isolates were grouped into fast growing (SR-01, SR-02, SR-05, SR-16) and intermediate (SR-03, SR-04, SR-07, SR-10 to SR-13, SR-18), though the rest of the isolates showed comparatively a slow mycelial growth rate. In RAPD analysis for their genetic diversity, fifty decamer primers of arbitrary sequences produced 692 scorable amplicons ranging from 180 to 3900 bp in size. Out of these, 385 fractionated fragments were reported polymorphic. As an average, 13-14 unambiguous and reproducible amplified products were generated by single primer (minimum of 4 and maximum of 23 fragments). Hence, the present investigation confirmed the diversity among the different geographical isolates from India.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and morphological variability of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum isolates of oilseed Brassica in India

Sharma¹,

P²,

S³

et al. 2013

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Culturing of S. sclerotiorum and production of sclerotia was carried out as described by Clarkson et al (2003). Actively growing cultures of S. sclerotiorum isolates L6, L17 and L44 (all originally isolated from lettuce, Petworth, Sussex, in 2005; Clarkson et al 2013) were produced from sterile stock sclerotia of each isolate (stored at 5 °C or at -20 °C in potato dextrose broth (PDB; Formedium, UK) amended with 10 % glycerol (Sigma-Aldrich Company Ltd, UK)).…”

Section: Culturing Of Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum and Production Of Sclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These then release airborne ascospores which infect plants, on which further sclerotia are eventually formed and returned to the soil (Bolton et al 2006). An apothecium can produce up to sixteen hundred ascospores per hour, equivalent to 7.6 x 10 5 ascospores over a twenty day period (Clarkson et al 2003). Under the correct conditions, ascospores germinate and use senescent tissues such as petals and leaves as a nutrient source to enable subsequent infection of the host plant (Bardin and Huang 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatiles from biofumigant plants have a direct effect on carpogenic germination of sclerotia and mycelial growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Warmington

Clarkson

2015

Plant Soil

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Original citation:Warmington, Rachel and Clarkson, John P. (2015) Volatiles from biofumigant plants have a direct effect on carpogenic germination of sclerotia and mycelial growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Plant and Soil. doi: 10.1007/s11104-015-2742-8 Permanent WRAP url: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/74305 Copyright and reuse:The Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP) makes this work by researchers of the University of Warwick available open access under the following conditions. Copyright © and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable the material made available in WRAP has been checked for eligibility before being made available.Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-for profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. Publisher's statement:"The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2742-8." A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or, version of record, if you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the 'permanent WRAP url' above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. AimsSclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum survive in soil and germinate to produce apothecia which release airborne ascospores. Current control methods rely predominantly on the use of fungicides to kill ascospores. The aim of this research was to identify potential biofumigation treatments which suppress sclerotial germination, providing a potential alternative and long-term approach to disease management. MethodsMicrocosm and in vitro experiments were conducted using dried and milled plant material from six different biofumigant crop plants to determine effects on carpogenic germination of sclerotia and mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum. ResultsAll biofumigant plants significantly reduced germination of S. sclerotiorum sclerotia in the microcosm experiments, but were less effective against larger sclerotia. In vitro experiments showed a direct effect of biofumigant volatiles on both the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum, and carpogenic germination of sclerotia, where the most effective treatment was B. juncea 'Vittasso'.Conclusions It was clear from this study that biofumigant crop plants have potential as part of an integrated disease management system for control of S. sclerotiorum. The microcosm experiments described here provide a straightforward and reliable screening method for evaluating different biofumigants for activity.

show abstract

“…Factors influencing outcrossing and self-crossing are not well understood, but include weather and agricultural conditions affecting the timing and duration of various stages in the fungal life cycle. For example, if temperature and humidity are more favorable for ascospore production and survival (Clarkson et al, 2003), more simultaneous coinfection occurs, and subsequently more sclerotia might form after fusion of hyphae of two different genotypes, resulting in recombinant genotypes (Sexton et al, 2006).…”

Section: Recombination Vs Clonal Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%