Article Commentary: Acquired Equine Motor Neuron Disease

Valentine, Beth A.; Lahunta, Alexander de; George, Claudene J.; Summers, B. A.; Cummings, J. F.; Tj, Divers; Mohammed, Hussni O.

doi:10.1177/030098589403100122

Cited by 53 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to the physiological aspect, it has been demonstrated that the clinical and pathological features in some disorders of equine motor system are closely related to the muscle fiber population (Valentine et al, 1994). Therefore, as basic knowledge, to examine the muscle fiber type population of each muscle sampled from whole body in Thoroughbred horses is important for both physiological and pathological studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle Fiber Population and Biochemical Properties of Whole Body Muscles in Thoroughbred Horses

Kawai

Minami

Sayama

et al. 2009

The Anatomical Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We examine the muscle fiber population and metabolic properties of skeletal muscles from the whole body in Thoroughbred horses. Postmortem samples were taken from 46 sites in six Thoroughbred horses aged between 3 and 6 years. Fiber type population was determined on muscle fibers stained with monoclonal antibody to each myosin heavy chain isoform and metabolic enzyme activities were determined spectrophotometrically. Histochemical analysis demonstrated that most of the muscles had a high percentage of Type IIa fibers. In terms of the muscle characteristic in several parts of the horse body, the forelimb muscles had a higher percentage of Type IIa fiber and a significantly lower percentage of Type IIx fiber than the hindlimb muscles. The muscle fiber type populations in the thoracic and trunk portion were similar to those in the hindlimb portion. Biochemical analysis indicated high succinate dehydrogenase activity in respiratory-related muscle and high phosphofructokinase activity in hindlimbs. We suggested that the higher percentage of Type IIa fibers in Thoroughbred racehorses is attributed to training effects. To consider further the physiological significance of each part of the body, data for the recruitment pattern of each muscle fiber type during exercise are needed. The muscle fiber properties in this study combined with the recruitment data would provide fundamental information for physiological and pathological studies in Thoroughbred horses.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle Fiber Population and Biochemical Properties of Whole Body Muscles in Thoroughbred Horses

Kawai

Minami

Sayama

et al. 2009

The Anatomical Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Die Krankheit ist seither vor allem in den USA nachgewiesen worden (Cummings et al 1990(Cummings et al , I99I, 1993Diuers et al 1992 a und b;Diuers et al 1994;Step et aI. 1993;Valentine et al 1994); überdies liegt je eine Meldung aus Belgien (Sustronch er al. 1993) und Japan (Kuwamura et al 1994) vor.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Are the Equine Motor Neuron Disease (EMND) and the Grass Sickness of the horse different manifestations of the same underlying disease?

Fatzer¹,

Gerber²,

Straub³

et al. 1995

PHK

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Since it was first reported in 1990, more than 100 cases have been diagnosed in North America, Europe, Japan and Brazil, indicating that EMND is more prevalent and geographically widespread than was initially perceived [5,11,17,24]. The clinical and pathological changes in EMND are similar to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or more precisely, to progressive muscular atrophy (PMA) in humans [2,26]. However, a definitive etiology for EMND has not yet been determined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical Detection of P-glycoprotein in Tissues from Horses Afflicted with Equine Motor Neuron Disease

Kwak

Page

White

et al. 2006

JES

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

P-glycoproteins (P-gp) are transmemebrane glycoproteins associated with the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype. The P-gp functions as an ATP-dependent transporter of a diverse xenobiotic and pharmologic compounds to effectively lower their intracellular concentration. As such, P-gp is believed to be a significant component of the blood-brainbarrier (BBB) in mammals. We carried out a study to investigate whether P-gp could be detected in normal and in horses afflicted with equine motor neuron disease (EMND). Fresh samples were harvested at necropsy from seven horses diagnosed with EMND and three control horses and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen until processing. The samples included tissues from the adrenal gland, kidney, liver, small intestine, brain stem, and spinal cord. These tissues were evaluated for P-gp immunoreactivity using monoclonal antibody (C494). Normal and EMND afflicted horses expressed the P-gp at similar levels in the adrenal cortex (100%), the renal proximal tubules (57%), and small intestinal enterocytes (60%).There was no significant difference in the P-gp expression rates between the EMND affected horses and controls. None of the liver and central nervous tissue samples exhibited any P-gp staining. The overall results of our investigation indicate that abundant P-gp expression can be detected in some of the equine tissues using the immunohistochemical methods. The ability to detect P-gp in equine tissues might help in determining its specific role in the etiology of EMND.

show abstract

Article Commentary: Acquired Equine Motor Neuron Disease

Cited by 53 publications

References 11 publications

Muscle Fiber Population and Biochemical Properties of Whole Body Muscles in Thoroughbred Horses

Muscle Fiber Population and Biochemical Properties of Whole Body Muscles in Thoroughbred Horses

Are the Equine Motor Neuron Disease (EMND) and the Grass Sickness of the horse different manifestations of the same underlying disease?

Immunohistochemical Detection of P-glycoprotein in Tissues from Horses Afflicted with Equine Motor Neuron Disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About