Arthritis Medicines and Cardiovascular Events—“House of Coxibs”

Cyclooxygenase‐2 ( COX ‐2) inhibition for prostate cancer chemoprevention: double‐blind randomised study of pre‐prostatectomy celecoxib or placebo

“…Figure presents a flow diagram of enrolment. Accrual was stopped before the target accrual of 44 subjects due to new information regarding cardiovascular risks associated with COX‐2 inhibitors . Pre‐treatment patient characteristics are summarised in Table .…”

Ibuprofen: pharmacology, efficacy and safety

“…They observed reductions in the risks of MI among non-aspirin NSAID users. The reduction was also observed with ibuprofen with the adjusted OR being 0.52 (0.39-0.69; 95% CI) compared with that of 0.53 (0.42-0.67) for aspirin and 0.48 (0.28-0.82) for naproxen, a drug which has often been found to have low CV risk and in fact may have some cardio-protective actions (Topol 2004(Topol , 2005Kanna et al 2005;Kean et al 2008).…”

Is COX-2 a perpetrator or a protector? Selective COX-2 inhibitors remain controversial1

“…Rofecoxib (Vioxx, Figure 1) was withdrawn by Merck & Co in September 2004 following the finding from the Vioxx Gastrointestinal Outcomes Research (VIGOR) trial for colon and rectal cancers that there were severe risks for the heart. Similar claims were made when a COX-2 inhibitor was used in the adenoma prevention with celecoxib (APC) trial, which was eventually suspended in December 2004 because analysis by an independent Data Safety and Monitoring Board showed that there was a risk of fatal and nonfatal major cardiovascular disease (CVD) [6] . On February 20, 2005, a US Food and Drug Agency (FDA) advisory panel unanimously concluded that all classes of COX-2 inhibitors increase a person's risk of heart attack and stroke, and recommended that, despite the risks, drugs including Vioxx should remain on the market but be accompanied by strong warnings.…”