Arming the Outlaws: On the Moral Limits of the Arms Trade

Christensen, James

doi:10.1177/0032321718754516

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…It communicates to the Saudis (and to the other outlaw states watching) that they may act as they please, and expect little in the way of material costs (cf. Christensen, 2019: 125). For the sake of brevity, we can say that British conduct emboldens the Saudis.…”

Section: The Substitution Argumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The morality of substitution intervention: The case of Yemen

Christensen

2021

Politics

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Throughout the Yemeni Civil War, western states have supplied weapons used in the indiscriminate bombing campaign conducted by the Saudis. In defence of their actions, British politicians have argued that they are exchanging weapons for influence, and using the influence obtained to encourage compliance with humanitarian law. An additional premise in the argument is that Britain is using its influence more benignly than alternative suppliers would use theirs if Britain were not on the scene. The idea is that Britain is substituting itself for other, less scrupulous, interveners. I argue that, regardless of whether British substitution intervention could be justified in this way…, it is not in fact justified, because Britain has not plausibly used its influence to secure an amount of good sufficient to offset the various harms that its actions have created (or to discharge the expanded duties of rescue that greater influence entails). In addition, the article identifies the various forms that substitution intervention can take, and shows how the concept reveals hitherto neglected reasons to both support and oppose intervention in foreign conflicts.

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Section: The Substitution Argumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The morality of substitution intervention: The case of Yemen

Christensen

2021

Politics

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When (Not) to Trade with Autocrats: Complicity, Exploitation, and Human Rights

2021

Moral Philosophy and Politics

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Transnational trade is at the heart of the global economy. Trade relations often transcend both ideological divides and regime type. Trading with autocratic regimes, however, raises significant moral issues. In their recent book, On Trade Justice, Mathias Risse and Gabriel Wollner argue that trade with autocratic regimes is morally permissible only under a very limited set of circumstances. This article discusses the morally permissible trade policies that liberal democracies ought to adopt toward autocratic regimes. Liberal democracies trading with autocratic regimes have a special obligation to improve the human rights conditions in these regimes. This duty is partly based on their complicity in human rights violations and on the fact that the democracies benefit from these violations in their trading relationships. Their responsibility goes beyond the improvement of labor conditions and requires various strategies such as imposing trade sanctions and export controls, and making trade conditional on human rights performance.

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Munitions and explosives as objects of criminal offences during the commission of criminal offences

Yusupov¹,

Filipov²

2023

Ûridičnij Časopis Nacìonalʹnoï Akademìï Vnutrìšnìh Sprav

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Without a principal law in Ukraine on weapons and munitions for them, certain difficulties arise in law enforcement activities with the qualification of the actions of offenders in the field of illegal circulation of weapons, manufacture of munitions, and the use of explosives. The purpose of this study was to investigate such weapons as ammunition and explosives, which become the subject of offences by criminals in connection with the illegal circulation of weapons, their components, their manufacture, and use. The study employed historical-legal, comparative-legal, systemic-structural, statistical, and sociological methods. Military supplies and explosives were classified to establish a particular object as an object of criminal encroachment; their forensically significant features and properties were determined. The role of ballistics specialists, explosives specialists, and other experts during the inspection of the scene, the investigation of illegal arms trafficking, the manufacture of ammunition and the use of explosives was covered. It was proved that ammunition and explosives have a close relationship with the persona of the criminal, the method of committing the criminal offence, and the trace pattern. The theoretical provisions regarding the properties and signs of ammunition and explosives were improved. Forensic recommendations on the actions of law enforcement officers with ammunition and explosives in criminal proceedings were developed. Recommendations regarding the removal and packaging of munitions and explosives as physical evidence have gained further development. The practical significance lies in clarifying the properties and signs of ammunition and explosives, which allows for the identification of these items at the initial stage of the investigation; correct actions for their detection, fixation, extraction, packaging; appropriate criminal-legal qualification of the offence committed

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Arming the Outlaws: On the Moral Limits of the Arms Trade

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

The morality of substitution intervention: The case of Yemen

The morality of substitution intervention: The case of Yemen

When (Not) to Trade with Autocrats: Complicity, Exploitation, and Human Rights

Munitions and explosives as objects of criminal offences during the commission of criminal offences

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