Are there environmental or agricultural benefits in using forest residue biochar in boreal agricultural clay soil?

Soinne, Helena; Keskinen, Riikka; Heikkinen, Jaakko; Hyväluoma, Jari; Uusitalo, Risto; Peltoniemi, Krista; Velmala, Sannakajsa; Pennanen, Taina; Fritze, Hannu; Kaseva, Janne; Hannula, Markus; Rasa, Kimmo

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138955

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Similarly, Luo et al (2017) found that biochar amendment had no significant effect on soil pH in alkaline agricultural soil. In a 2-year field experiment, Soinne et al (2020) found that soil pH did not differ from the control after the forest residue biochar amendment and there were no differences in bacterial 16S rRNA gene copy numbers between treatments. In this study, the fungal abundance was 8.72–23.56% higher in the rhizosphere than in the bulk soil under all treatments ( Figure 1B ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Similarly, Luo et al (2017) found that biochar amendment had no significant effect on soil pH in alkaline agricultural soil. In a 2-year field experiment, Soinne et al (2020) Different letters within the same column indicate significant differences among the treatments at p < 0.05, lowercase letters for the bulk soil and uppercase letters for the rhizosphere.…”

Section: Effects Of Biochar On the Abundances Of Soil Bacteria And Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Different Responses of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities to 3 Years of Biochar Amendment in an Alkaline Soybean Soil

Gao

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Biochar as a soil amendment has been regarded as a promising way to improve soil fertility. However, the response of microbial community after biochar and biochar compound fertilizer (BCF) application has not been thoroughly elucidated. This study evaluated the changes in abundance and composition of bacterial and fungal communities using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing. The field experiment ran for 3 years and comprised five treatments: chemical fertilizer as control (CK), straw-returning combined with chemical fertilizer (CS), low biochar application combined with chemical fertilizer (LB), high biochar application combined with chemical fertilizer (HB) and BCF. The results showed that biochar amendment results no changes in the abundance and diversity of bacteria in the bulk and rhizosphere soils. However, the abundance of soil fungi was significantly increased by biochar amendment (LB and HB). LB treatment significantly increased the fungal alpha diversity, while there was no significant change under HB. Furthermore, the dominant bacterial phyla found in the samples were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria. Biochar addition increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria in both bulk and rhizosphere soils. The dominant fungal phyla were Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Basidiomycota. The relative abundance of Ascomycota significantly decreased, but Mortierellomycota significantly increased in LB and HB. In addition, redundancy analysis indicated that the changes in bacterial and fungal communities are associated with soil properties such as SOC and TN, which are crucial contributors in regulating the community composition. This study is expected to provide significant theoretical and practical knowledge for the application of biochar in agricultural ecosystem.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Effects Of Biochar On the Abundances Of Soil Bacteria And Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Responses of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities to 3 Years of Biochar Amendment in an Alkaline Soybean Soil

Gao

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Quality filtering, removal of artefacts, chimeric sequences, primer‐dimers, and primers from raw 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer 2 sequence reads and clustering and taxonomy annotation were conducted using the PipeCraft 1.0 pipeline (Anslan, Bahram, Hiiesalu, & Tedersoo, 2017) as described in Soinne et al. (2020). Details are provided in the Supplemental Material (pp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulp and paper mill sludges decrease soil erodibility

et al. 2020

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Declining carbon (C) content in agricultural soils threatens soil fertility and makes soil prone to erosion, which could be rectified with organic soil amendments. In a 4‐yr field trial, we made a single application of three different organic sludges from the pulp and paper industry and studied their effects on cereal yield, soil C content, and fungal and bacterial composition. In laboratory rainfall simulations, we also studied the effects of the soil amendments on susceptibility to erosion and nutrient mobilization of a clay‐textured soil by measuring the quality of percolation water passing through 40‐cm intact soil monoliths during 2‐d rainfall simulations over four consecutive years after application. A nutrient‐poor fiber sludge reduced wheat yield in the first growing season, but there were no other significant effects on cereal yield or grain quality. An input of ∼8 Mg ha−1 C with the soil amendments had only minor effects on soil C content after 4 yr, likely because of fast microbe‐mediated turnover. The amendments clearly changed the fungal and bacterial community composition. All amendments significantly reduced suspended solids (SS) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in percolation water. The effect declined with time, but the reduction in SS and TP was still >25% 4 yr after application. We attributed the lower tendency for particle detachment in rain simulations to direct interactions of soil minerals with the added particulate organic matter and microbe‐derived compounds that stabilize soil aggregates. In soils with low organic matter content, pulp and paper industry by‐products can be a viable measure for erosion mitigation.

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“…The applicability of biochars for different purposes has, however, still several open questions. While biochar can often enhance properties of an amended soil [3], biochar can also have adverse [4] or negligible [5] impacts on desired soil properties. While the choice of feedstock has been shown to control biochar applicability [6][7][8], heterogeneity in relevant properties within the feedstocks has been rarely studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How clonal differences and within-tree heterogeneity affect pore properties of hybrid aspen wood and biochar?

Turunen

Urbano-Tenorio

Rasa

et al. 2021

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Production of applicable and homogeneous biochar for soil amendment purposes would benefit from knowledge on how feedstock heterogeneity impacts key biochar pore properties and how the properties are transformed due to pyrolysis. This study aimed (1) to quantify how clonal differences and within-tree heterogeneity of a hybrid aspen feedstock (wood) impact biochar pore properties and (2) to estimate how pore properties of non-pyrolysed wood materials are transformed when pyrolysed into biochar. The study was conducted by collecting samples from a hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. × Populus tremuloides Michx.) clonal field trial. Key pore properties of non-pyrolysed and pyrolysed wood samples were quantified with 3D X-ray imaging and quantitative image analyses. The results demonstrated how pyrolysis shifted distinctively bi-modal pore size distributions of the wood samples towards smaller pore size regions. The bi-modal wood tissue structure controlled the pore structure also in the biochars. Due to decreasing cell wall thicknesses, the pyrolysis increased the porosity of the materials. While the thermal process homogenized differences in the wall thicknesses, the thicknesses of the feedstock were also shown to control the resulting thicknesses in the biochars. Mechanisms of biochar pore property formation can be considered important when designing applicable biochars for a chosen purpose. Clonal differences and within-tree heterogeneity had a direct impact only on the wall thicknesses and the pore diameters of vessels. These impacts can be of interest when planning feedstock utilization in biochar production. However, the results suggest that relatively homogeneous biochar can be produced from hybrid aspen feedstocks.

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Are there environmental or agricultural benefits in using forest residue biochar in boreal agricultural clay soil?

Cited by 35 publications

References 98 publications

Different Responses of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities to 3 Years of Biochar Amendment in an Alkaline Soybean Soil

Different Responses of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities to 3 Years of Biochar Amendment in an Alkaline Soybean Soil

Pulp and paper mill sludges decrease soil erodibility

How clonal differences and within-tree heterogeneity affect pore properties of hybrid aspen wood and biochar?

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