Are raw materials or composting conditions and time that most influence the maturity and/or quality of composts? Comparison of obtained composts on soil properties

Muscolo, Adele; Papalia, Teresa; Settineri, Giovanna; Mallamaci, Carmelo; Jeske-Kaczanowska, Agnieska

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.204

Cited by 73 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…That negative and positive effects could also be explained by the increase of EC. As reported by [40] fungal are more sensitive than bacterial to high salt concentrations [7]- [17]. Cellulases are secreted by various cellulolytic microorganisms developed on composting materials [41].…”

Section: Microbial Parametersmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…EC value of compost is an important parameter for determining compost quality and potential hazards to plants because a high salt concentration in the soil will result in land degradation [18] and reflects a potential phytotoxicity. The increase in EC in composts compared to the initial compounds may be explained by the mineralization of organic matter during the process [4] [27]- [28]. It may also be related to the maturation process of composts [18]- [5] during which organic acids and soluble salts are released during the decomposition of organic matter, [30]- [31], and also due to the lowest concentrations of exchangeable bases in the medium , (Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , K + and Na + ) which are usually responsible for the salinity [32]- [33].…”

Section: Composting Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Composting is a microbiological biodegradation process during which bio-waste is transformed into carbon dioxide, inorganic salts and humid substances, and heat is generated resulting from the metabolic activity of microorganisms [4]- [5]- [6]. Composting raw materials consist mainly of plant residues and relatively few remains of animals or minerals [7]. The resulting composts contain organic compounds precursors of humus and fertilizers, by their content of nutrients [8]- [9]- [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This results in a loss of stable organic matter in soils and an increased susceptibility of plants to diseases, due to the microbiological imbalance of soils [6]. Various countries are facing a significant increase in waste [4], however, much of this waste is organic in nature, and recycling through composting would make up for the moisture deficit of overexploited soils and reactivate a balanced microbiological life [5]- [6]- [7]. Urban municipalities in general and large metropolises in Africa are struggling to evacuate and treat their urban waste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Wood Ash as Additive for Cow Manure Composting

2020

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A B S T R A C TThis study was conducted to produce high-quality compost using both cow manure and wood ash that can specifically be used to increase the fertility of soils in tropical regions. Increased proportions of wood ash were co-composted with cow manure. During composting, the composts produced presented the classical composting temperature curve and attain a thermophilic composting phase (about 60 o C). After 117 days of composting, the produced composts (CMA 0%; CMA 5%; CMA 10% and CMA15%) had a C/N ratio between 16 and 30, and their pH, was basic, indicating maturity. They were rich in minerals (Mg; Ca; K+; and Na+) and poor in heavy metals (Zn; Cu and Pb). Wood ash addition raise the fungal communities except for CMA 0% and did not impair significantly on bacteria communities; however, addition of high amounts of wood ash could reduce the metabolism of the microbial communities including cellulase activity that showed a proportional decrease according to the added amount except for CMA 15%. The composts showed a germination index greater than 80% at all concentrations, indicating the absence of phytotoxicity. Therefore, co-composting of cow manure with wood ash (<15%) allowed to obtain a good organic fertilizer with higher liming potential, nutrient content, and less hazardous material which could be used in farms to remediate acidity of tropical soils.

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Section: Microbial Parametersmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Composting Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Wood Ash as Additive for Cow Manure Composting

2020

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“…Sterilization is one of the main tasks of aerobic composting, and temperature has an important effect on the inactivation of pathogens. The suitable temperature range for the survival of most pathogens is 45–60 °C, and the life activities of the bacteria under overheating are inhibited [ 12 ]. When oxygen content is insufficient or microbial activity is weakened, the rate of rising temperature decreases, the peak temperature lowers, and the inactivation effect on pathogens is decreased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Monitoring Equipment for Sewage-Sludge Composting and Its Application to Aeration Optimization

Zheng

Wang

et al. 2018

Sensors

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Oxygen is an important parameter for organic-waste composting, and continuous control of the oxygen in a composting pile may be beneficial. The oxygen consumption rate can be used to measure the degree of biological oxidation and decomposition of organic matter. However, without having a real-time online device to monitor oxygen levels in the composting pile, the adjustment and optimization of the composting process cannot be directly implemented. In the present study, we researched and developed such a system, and then tested its stability, reliability, and characteristics. The test results showed that the equipment was accurate and stable, and produced good responses with good repeatability. The equilibrium time required to detect oxygen concentration in the composting pile was 50 s, and the response time for oxygen detection was less than 2 s. The equipment could monitor oxygen concentration online and in real time to optimize the aeration strategy for the compost depending on the concentration indicated by the oxygen-measuring equipment.

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