“…Arbutin as a soluble glycosylated phenol (hydroquinone-β-D-Glucopyranoside), is naturally derived from numerous plant species such as Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Bergenia crassifolia, Arbutus unedo, and Heliciopsis lobata (Oliver et al, 2001;Pop et al, 2009;Qi et al, 2016;Jurica et al, 2017). Arbutin exhibits several pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antihyperglycaemic, antitumor, alpha-amylase inhibitory and tyrosinase inhibitor (Taha et al, 2012;Migas and Krauze-Baranowska, 2015;Jurica et al, 2017;Ahmadian et al, 2019;Zhao et al, 2019). It is reported that arbutin ester derivatives displayed higher biological activity than the precursor compounds (Tokiwa et al, 2007;Chigorimbo-Murefu et al, 2009;Watanabe et al, 2009;Xu et al, 2014).…”