Arbovirus infections in Sarawak: virus isolations from mosquitoes

Simpson, David; Smith, Chris; Bowen, E. T. W.; Platt, G.S.; Way, Hilary; Mcmahon, Dolores A.; Bright, W.F.; Hill, M. N.; Mahadevan, S; Macdonald, W. W.

doi:10.1080/00034983.1970.11686675

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…26 A series of studies during the 1960s and early 1970s examined arbovirus infections in Sarawak, Malaysian West Borneo. Using virus isolation from mosquitoes this group demonstrated the presence of enzootic JE, TMU, and SIN viruses in areas of rice padi and JE and SIN viruses in inland forest regions, 27 as well as the presence of a Bunyamwera virus, isolated from a padi region. Serologic studies in humans in Sarawak showed neutralizing antibody to DEN-2 (50%), JE (57%), TMU (22%), West Nile, and Getah viruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sylvatic transmission of arboviruses among Bornean orangutans.

Wolfe¹,

Kilbourn²,

Karesh³

et al. 2001

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

177

149

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Wild populations of nonhuman primates live in regions of sylvatic arbovirus transmission. To assess the status of arbovirus transmission in Bornean forests and the susceptibility of wild orangutans to arboviral infection, blood samples of wild orangutans, semi-captive orangutans, and humans were examined. Samples were tested by plaque reduction neutralization test for antibodies to viruses representing three families (Flaviviridae, Alphaviridae, and Bunyaviridae), including dengue-2, Japanese encephalitis, Zika, Langat, Tembusu, Sindbis, Chikungunya, and Batai viruses. Both wild and semi-captive orangutan groups as well as local human populations showed serologic evidence of arbovirus infection. The presence of neutralizing antibodies among wild orangutans strongly suggests the existence of sylvatic cycles for dengue, Japanese encephalitis, and sindbis viruses in North Borneo. The present study demonstrates that orangutans are susceptible to arboviral infections in the wild, although the impact of arboviral infections on this endangered ape remain unknown.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sylvatic transmission of arboviruses among Bornean orangutans.

Wolfe¹,

Kilbourn²,

Karesh³

et al. 2001

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

177

149

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show abstract

“…17,24 Neutralizing antibody against the virus was also found in high ratios in chicks, but disease association was not known. 24,26 On the other hand, it was revealed that a new isolate, SV, which has shown serological and molecular biologic relationship with Tembusu virus caused encephalitis in chicks. This fact suggests the etiological importance of Tembusu and related viruses in chicks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17,21 Since then, Tembusu virus has been isolated from mosquitoes of Culex species in Peninsular Malaysia, East Malaysia (Sarawak), and Thailand. [22][23][24][25][26][27] High levels of serum-neutralizing antibody have been demonstrated in over 50% of man tested, although disease associated with infection has yet to be reported. 17,24 Neutralizing antibody against the virus was also found in high ratios in chicks, but disease association was not known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encephalitis and retarded growth of chicks caused by Sitiawan virus, a new isolate belonging to the genus Flavivirus.

Kono¹,

Tsukamoto²,

Hamid³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract.A new virus named Sitiawan virus (SV) was isolated from sick broiler chicks in chicken embryos. The virus replicated well with cytopathogenic effect (CPE) in the chicken B-lymphocyte cell line LSCC-BK3. The virus was an enveloped RNA virus of approximately 41 nm in size with hemagglutinating activity (HA) to goose erythrocytes. It was cross-reactive with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a member of flaviviruses by HA inhibition tests but not by cross-virus neutralization tests. The cDNA fragment of NS5 gene was amplified with primers corresponding to NS5 gene of flaviviruses. The nucleotide sequences were 92% homologous to Tembusu virus, a member of the mosquito-borne virus cluster of the genus Flavivirus. In cross-neutralization tests with Tembusu virus, antiserum to SV did not neutralize Tembusu virus, and antiserum to Tembusu virus neutralized more weakly to SV than against homologous virus. These results indicate that SV is a new virus which can be differentiated serologically from Tembusu virus but is otherwise similar with respect to nucleotide sequence. The virus causes encephalitis, growth retardation, and increased blood glucose levels in inoculated chicks.

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“…The long ORF codes a single polyprotein which is cleaved to generate at least 10 proteins (C,prM,E,NS1,NS2A,NS2B,NS3,NS4A,NS4B,and NS5). TMUV was first isolated from mosquitoes in the 1960s (Platt et al, 1975;Simpson et al, 1970) and the last documented case of animal infection was in 2000, in Malaysia (Kono et al, 2000). Since then, the virus was not detected until the April 2010 outbreak of duck infectious disease in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Evolutionary analysis of Tembusu virus: Evidence for the emergence of a dominant genotype

Dai

2015

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Arbovirus infections in Sarawak: virus isolations from mosquitoes

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Sylvatic transmission of arboviruses among Bornean orangutans.

Sylvatic transmission of arboviruses among Bornean orangutans.

Encephalitis and retarded growth of chicks caused by Sitiawan virus, a new isolate belonging to the genus Flavivirus.

Evolutionary analysis of Tembusu virus: Evidence for the emergence of a dominant genotype

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