Arabinose‐Positive<i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i>Infection in Humans: Case Report

Lertpatanasuwan, Nimit; Sermsri, Kridsada; Petkaseam, Anantachoke; Trakulsomboon, Suwanna; Thamlikitkul, Visanu; Suputtamongkol, Yupin

doi:10.1086/517253

Cited by 65 publications

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“…Because of the high pathogenicity of B. mallei and B. pseudomallei, their rapid and reliable discrimination from the environmental saprophytic low-pathogenic B. thailandensis [18][19][20][21]42] is essential in order to allow initiation of appropriate therapy for the patient or for a rapid enforcement of procedures against the spread of bacteria by implementation of barrier nursing, post-exposure procedures, and handling of the bacteria in a laboratory under BSL3 conditions [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This new member of the 'pseudomallei'-group displays low virulence in laboratory animals and is considered to be a facultative pathogen with clinical relevance only in seriously compromised patients [18][19][20][21]. The 'pseudomallei'-group is an interesting model for studying the evolution from sapro-phyte to parasite or from an environmental to a highly pathogenic agent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discrimination ofBurkholderia mallei/pseudomalleifromBurkholderia thailandensisby sequence comparison of a fragment of the ribosomal protein S21 (rpsU) gene

Frickmann

Chantratita

Gauthier³

et al. 2012

European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

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Discrimination of Burkholderia (B.) pseudomallei and B. mallei from environmental B. thailandensis is challenging. We describe a discrimination method based on sequence comparison of the ribosomal protein S21 (rpsU) gene. The rpsU gene was sequenced in ten B. pseudomallei, six B. mallei, one B. thailandensis reference strains, six isolates of B. pseudomallei, and 37 of B. thailandensis. Further rpsU sequences of six B. pseudomallei, three B. mallei, and one B. thailandensis were identified via NCBI GenBank. Three to four variable base-positions were identified within a 120-base-pair fragment, allowing discrimination of the B. pseudomallei/mallei-cluster from B. thailandensis, whose sequences clustered identically. All B. mallei and three B. pseudomallei sequences were identical, while 17/22 B. pseudomallei strains differed in one nucleotide (78A>C). Sequences of the rpsU fragment of ‘out-stander’ reference strains of B. cepacia, B. gladioli, B. plantarii, and B. vietnamensis clustered differently. Sequence comparison of the described rpsU gene fragment can be used as a supplementary diagnostic procedure for the discrimination of B. mallei/pseudomallei from B. thailandensis as well as from other species of the genus Burkholderia, keeping in mind that it does not allow for a differentiation between B. mallei and B. pseudomallei.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination ofBurkholderia mallei/pseudomalleifromBurkholderia thailandensisby sequence comparison of a fragment of the ribosomal protein S21 (rpsU) gene

Frickmann

Chantratita

Gauthier³

et al. 2012

European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

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“…The closely related Burkholderia thailandensis, which has been first described only in 1998 (Brett et al, 1998), is generally considered avirulent as it does not cause overt disease, and has previously been reported only in South-East Asia. B. thailandensis can be distinguished from B. pseudomallei by its ability to assimilate arabinose (Smith et al, 1997;Lertpatanasuwan et al, 1999). B. thailandensis coexists with B. pseudomallei in the soil in Thailand, and is approximately > 10 5 -fold less virulent in Syrian hamsters (Brett et al, 1997; and > 10 7 -fold less virulent in BALB/c mice than B. pseudomallei (Smith et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although B. thailandensis has been considered harmless, this microorganism has been cultured from the purulent material of an amputated knee in Thailand (Lertpatanasuwan et al, 1999), and very recently, the first case of pneumonia and sepsis caused by B. thailandensis was described in the USA (Glass et al, 2006). Therefore, in the present study we determined the differences in patterns of inflammation of B. pseudomallei 1026b (clinical virulent isolate) and B. thailandensis by investigating the host response to these Burkholderia strains in mice in vivo and in different relevant cell lines in vitro.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation patterns induced by different Burkholderia species in mice

Wiersinga¹,

Vos²,

Beer³

et al. 2007

Cell Microbiol

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SummaryBurkholderia pseudomallei, which causes melioidosis, a severe, mainly pulmonary disease endemic in South-East Asia, is considered to be the most pathogenic of the Burkholderia genus. B. thailandensis, however, is considered avirulent. We determined differences in patterns of inflammation of B. pseudomallei 1026b (clinical virulent isolate), B. pseudomallei AJ1D8 (an in vitro invasion-deficient mutant generated from strain 1026b by Tn5-OT182 mutagenesis) and B. thailandensis by intranasally inoculating C57BL/6 mice with each strain. Mice infected with B. thailandensis showed a markedly decreased bacterial outgrowth from lungs, spleen and blood 24 h after inoculation, compared with infection with B. pseudomallei and the invasion mutant AJ1D8. Forty-eight hours after inoculation, B. thailandensis was no longer detectable. This was consistent with elevated pulmonary cytokine and chemokine concentrations after infection with B. pseudomallei 1026b and AJ1D8, and the absence of these mediators 48 h, but not 24 h, after inoculation with B. thailandensis. Histological examination, however, did show marked pulmonary inflammation in the mice infected with B. thailandensis, corresponding with substantial granulocyte influx and raised myeloperoxidase levels. Survival experiments showed that infection with 1 ¥ 10 3 cfu B. thailandensis was not lethal, whereas inoculation with 1 ¥ 10 6 cfu B. thailandensis was equally lethal as 1 ¥ 10 3 cfu B. pseudomallei 1026b or AJ1D8. These data show that B. pseudomallei AJ1D8 is just as lethal as wild-type B. pseudomallei in an in vivo mouse model, and B. thailandensis is perhaps more virulent than is often recognized.

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“…The L-arabinose assimilators, now known as B. thailandensis, however, are generally avirulent and found predominantly in the environment (Brett et al 1998). B. pseudomallei isolates were tested for arabinose assimilation by growth on minimal salts agar containing 0.2% L-arabinose (Wuthiekanun et al 1996) (Lertpatanasuwan et al 1999), all isolates causing melioidosis in our study were Ara-. Our findings support previous observations described by Vuddhakul et al (1999) in Thailand and by Miralles et al (2004) in Brazil.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phenotypic characterization of three clinical isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Ceará, Brazil

Virginio

Teixeira

Frota

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Melioidosis is a serious human disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei. Isolation of B. pseudomallei from human samples had not been reported in Brazil until 2003(Miralles et al. 2004, Braga & Almeida 2005. The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of these Brazilian isolates of the species with others reported in the literature, and to alert microbiologists in the region to these characteristics in order to enable them to recognize subsequent cases.In this study three isolates of B. pseudomallei were analyzed. These were isolated from clinical samples from a small cluster of cases that occurred in Tejuçuoca, Ceará, Brazil, involving three patients from the same family, aged 10-15 years old. Two strains of B. pseudomallei were initially isolated on MacConkey agar from the spleen, liver, and lung and one strain from blood culture in BHI broth. All procedures involving viable cells were performed in a category 3 containment laboratory.Strains were identified phenotipically according to the criteria described for gram-negative nonfermentative bacilli and by characteristics on Ashdown selective medium (Ashdown 1979, Gilligan & Whittier 1999, Koneman et al. 2001. The identification of B. pseudomallei was confirmed by biochemical tests using the API 20NE system (bioMérieux) (Dance et al. 1989).The bacteria were short, motile bipolar gram-negative bacilli. All three isolates showed characteristic bipolar staining, probably because of intracellular deposits of β-hydroxy butyric acid (Inglis et al. 2001, Sprague & Neubauer 2004. A thick and dry pellicle with a matt surface was seen on BHI broth cultures. This pellicle forms at the broth-air interface, possibly because of positive aerotaxis of B. pseudomallei, and reflects a type of a multicellular organization that resembles a biofilm.On MacConkey agar after 24 h of incubation the colonies were pink-transparent, small, smooth, with sheen and convex. After seven days of culture, isolates 1 and 3 showed larges, circulars, viscous, with sheen on surface and entire borders colonies. Isolate 2 also produced circulars, with surface sheen and pink colonies, however showed consistence dry and wrinkled.Ashdown's selective agar is commonly used to culture the organism from a mixed flora. All the B. pseudomallei isolates had characteristic colonial morphology on Ashdown agar. The colonies were smooth, moist, purple in color, dome shaped, about 0.8 to 1 mm in diameter, on plates after 24 h of incubation at 37ºC. After seven days of incubation isolate 2 grew as purple colonies, wrinkled, 5 to 6 mm in diameter, which had centrally umbonated, with radiating ridges at the periphery and a characteristic earthy odor; this showed a typical colonial morphology (Ashdown 1979). Isolates 1 and 3 included both smooth and mucoid colonies. The isolation of mucoid variant strains from clinical specimens is relatively uncommon (Inglis et al. 2001). Howard and Inglis (2003) have suggested that this may reflect inhibitory effect of crystal violet in Ashdown's agar. However, th...

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Arabinose‐PositiveBurkholderia pseudomalleiInfection in Humans: Case Report

Cited by 65 publications

References 0 publications

Discrimination ofBurkholderia mallei/pseudomalleifromBurkholderia thailandensisby sequence comparison of a fragment of the ribosomal protein S21 (rpsU) gene

Discrimination ofBurkholderia mallei/pseudomalleifromBurkholderia thailandensisby sequence comparison of a fragment of the ribosomal protein S21 (rpsU) gene

Inflammation patterns induced by different Burkholderia species in mice

Phenotypic characterization of three clinical isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Ceará, Brazil

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