Arabidopsis NATA1 acetylates putrescine and decreases defense-related hydrogen peroxide accumulation

Lou, Yann‐Ru; Bor, Melike; Yan, Jian; Preuss, Aileen S.; Jander, Georg

doi:10.1104/pp.16.00446

Cited by 33 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Instead, coronatine treated plants displayed increased ROS production after 24 h both in tomato (Ishiga et al, 2009) and in A. thaliana (Camanes et al, 2012) whole leaves. Recently it has been shown that coronatine strongly induces the expression of N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY1 (NATA1), which leads to decreased defense-related H 2 O 2 accumulation through interference with polyamine metabolism (Lou et al, 2016). However, this effect occurs a few hours after coronatine treatment, while the effect of coronatine on stomata is very fast.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronatine Inhibits Stomatal Closure through Guard Cell-Specific Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase-Dependent ROS Production

et al. 2016

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Microbes trigger stomatal closure through microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). The bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) synthesizes the polyketide toxin coronatine, which inhibits stomatal closure by MAMPs and by the hormone abscisic acid (ABA). The mechanism by which coronatine, a jasmonic acid-isoleucine analog, achieves this effect is not completely clear. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential second messengers in stomatal immunity, therefore we investigated the possible effect of coronatine on their production. We found that coronatine inhibits NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production induced by ABA, and by the flagellin-derived peptide flg22. This toxin also inhibited NADPH oxidase-dependent stomatal closure induced by darkness, however, it failed to prevent stomatal closure by exogenously applied H2O2 or by salicylic acid, which induces ROS production through peroxidases. Contrary to what was observed on stomata, coronatine did not affect the oxidative burst induced by flg22 in leaf disks. Additionally, we observed that in NADPH oxidase mutants atrbohd and atrbohd/f, as well as in guard cell ABA responsive but flg22 insensitive mutants mpk3, mpk6, npr1-3, and lecrk-VI.2-1, the inhibition of ABA stomatal responses by both coronatine and the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenylene iodonium was markedly reduced. Interestingly, coronatine still impaired ABA-induced ROS synthesis in mpk3, mpk6, npr1-3, and lecrk-VI.2-1, suggesting a possible feedback regulation of ROS on other guard cell ABA signaling elements in these mutants. Altogether our results show that inhibition of NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS synthesis in guard cells plays an important role during endophytic colonization by Pst through stomata.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronatine Inhibits Stomatal Closure through Guard Cell-Specific Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase-Dependent ROS Production

et al. 2016

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“…The expression of the F. graminearum b-tubulin gene in seedling roots was measured using a previously published protocol (Lou et al, 2016). The primers used for quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) detection of F. graminearum were FgTUB-qF293 (5 0 -ATGCTTCCAACA ACTATGCT-3 0 ) and FgTUB-qR411 (5 0 -AACTAGGAAACCC TGGAGAC-3 0 ), designed based on the F. graminearum strain PH-1 reference genome sequence (Cuomo et al, 2007).…”

Section: Fusarium Graminearum Gene Expression Measurement Mycotoxin mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene signaling regulates natural variation in the abundance of antifungal acetylated diferuloylsucroses and Fusarium graminearum resistance in maize seedling roots

et al. 2018

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Summary The production and regulation of defensive specialized metabolites play a central role in pathogen resistance in maize (Zea mays) and other plants. Therefore, identification of genes involved in plant specialized metabolism can contribute to improved disease resistance. We used comparative metabolomics to identify previously unknown antifungal metabolites in maize seedling roots, and investigated the genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying their natural variation using quantitative trait locus mapping and comparative transcriptomics approaches. Two maize metabolites, smilaside A (3,6‐diferuloyl‐3′,6′‐diacetylsucrose) and smiglaside C (3,6‐diferuloyl‐2′,3′,6′‐triacetylsucrose), were identified that could contribute to maize resistance against Fusarium graminearum and other fungal pathogens. Elevated expression of an ethylene signaling gene, ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 2 (ZmEIN2), co‐segregated with a decreased smilaside A : smiglaside C ratio. Pharmacological and genetic manipulation of ethylene availability and sensitivity in vivo indicated that, whereas ethylene was required for the production of both metabolites, the smilaside A : smiglaside C ratio was negatively regulated by ethylene sensitivity. This ratio, rather than the absolute abundance of these two metabolites, was important for maize seedling root defense against F. graminearum. Ethylene signaling regulates the relative abundance of the two F. graminearum‐resistance‐related metabolites and affects resistance against F. graminearum in maize seedling roots.

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“…Surprisingly, a significant number of the metabolites with reduced levels under low light conditions or in cyp38 mutants are known biotic stress cues (Figure. 4F, Table S2): gluconic acid, which is derived from glucose, is associated with antifungal compound production [31]; glycerol-3-phosphate, which acts as a mobile factor for inducing systemic immunity in plants [32]; polyamines, including putrescine and spermidine, which regulate growth and also have important roles in modulating biotic and abiotic stress [33,34]; and linolenic acid, which is a precursor of the defense signaling molecules jasmonic acid and OPDA. Linolenic acid promotes lateral root development [35].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disruption ofCYCLOPHILIN 38function reveals a photosynthesis-dependent systemic signal controlling lateral root emergence

Duan

Pérez-Ruiz

Cejudo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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15Photosynthesis in leaves generates the fixed-carbon resources and essential 16 metabolites that support sink tissues, such as roots [1]. One of these products, sucrose, 17 is known to promote primary root growth, but it is not clear what other molecules may be 18 involved and whether other stages of root system development are affected by 19 photosynthate levels [2]. Through a mutant screen to identify pathways regulating root 20 system architecture, we identified a mutation in the CYCLOPHILIN 38 (CYP38) gene, 21 which causes an accumulation of pre-emergent stage lateral roots, with a minor effect on 22 primary root growth. CYP38 was previously reported to maintain the stability of 23 Photosystem II (PSII) in chloroplasts [3]. CYP38 expression is enriched in the shoot and 24 grafting experiments show that the gene acts non-cell autonomously to promote lateral 25 root emergence. Growth of wild-type plants under low light conditions phenocopied the 26 cyp38 lateral root emergence phenotype as did the inhibition of PSII-dependent electron 27 transport or NADPH production. Importantly, the cyp38 root phenotype is not rescued 28 by exogenous sucrose, suggesting the involvement of another metabolite. Auxin (IAA) is 29 an essential hormone promoting root growth and its biosynthesis from tryptophan is 30 dependent on reductant generated during photosynthesis [4,5]. Both WT seedlings 31 grown under low light and cyp38 mutants have highly diminished levels of IAA in root 32 tissues. The cyp38 lateral root defect is rescued by IAA treatment, revealing that 33 photosynthesis promotes lateral root emergence partly through IAA 34 biosynthesis. Metabolomic profiling shows that the accumulation of several defense-35 related metabolites are also photosynthesis-dependent, suggesting that the regulation of 36 a number of energy-intensive pathways are down-regulated when light becomes limiting. 37Results and Discussion: 38CYP38 is necessary for lateral root emergence 39 Lateral roots form through oriented cell divisions within the pericycle tissue layer, hidden 40 3-layers deep inside the parent root [6]. The process of lateral root primordia 41 emergence through these outer tissues involves communication between the organ identify the causative genetic locus, CYPLOPHILLIN 38 (CYP38) (Figure. S1B). A T-49 DNA allele (cyp38-5) with an insertion in the sixth exon phenocopied the EMS allele 50 (cyp38-4) (Figure. 1A-C), which has an early stop codon in the second exon (Figure.51 1D). Expression of CYP38 using its native promoter fully complement cyp38-4 (Figure.52 1E), indicating that CYP38 is indeed the causative gene. 54To determine the developmental basis for the cyp38 phenotype, we classified lateral root 55 growth into 4 distinct stages: initiation (I), pre-emergence (Pre-E), emergence (E), and 56 maturation (M) (Figure. S1A). Compared to wild type (WT), where the majority of lateral 57 roots have typically progressed to the maturation stage in 8-dpg (days post germination) 58 seedlings, we found that the cyp38-5 mutants had a si...

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Arabidopsis NATA1 acetylates putrescine and decreases defense-related hydrogen peroxide accumulation

Cited by 33 publications

References 73 publications

Coronatine Inhibits Stomatal Closure through Guard Cell-Specific Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase-Dependent ROS Production

Coronatine Inhibits Stomatal Closure through Guard Cell-Specific Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase-Dependent ROS Production

Ethylene signaling regulates natural variation in the abundance of antifungal acetylated diferuloylsucroses and Fusarium graminearum resistance in maize seedling roots

Disruption ofCYCLOPHILIN 38function reveals a photosynthesis-dependent systemic signal controlling lateral root emergence

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