Aquifer-eustasy as the main driver of short-term sea-level fluctuations during Cretaceous hothouse climate phases

Sames, Benjamin; Wagreich, Michael; Conrad, Clinton P.; Iqbal, Shahid

doi:10.1144/sp498-2019-105

Cited by 57 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…Ice grounding lines extending significantly further than modern also suggest larger than modern ice sheet extent (e.g., Passchier et al, 2011). Recently, it has also been suggested that during deeper geological time periods such as the Cenomanian and Turonian hothouse periods, groundwater storage must be invoked to account for sea level cycles in an ice‐free world (Sames et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm Middle Miocene Indian Ocean Bottom Water Temperatures: Comparison of Clumped Isotope and Mg/Ca‐Based Estimates

Modestou

Leutert

Fernández

et al. 2020

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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The middle Miocene is an important analogue for potential future warm climates. However, few independent deep ocean temperature records exist, though these are important for climate model validation and estimates of changes in ice volume. Existing records, all based on the foraminiferal Mg/Ca proxy, suggest that bottom water temperatures were 5–8°C warmer than present. In order to improve confidence in these bottom water temperature reconstructions, we generated a new record using carbonate clumped isotopes (Δ47) and compared our results with Mg/Ca‐based estimates for the Indian Ocean at ODP Site 761. Our results indicate temperatures of 11.0 ± 1.7°C during the middle Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO, 14.7–17 Ma) and 8.1 ± 1.9°C after the middle Miocene Climate Transition (MCT, 13.0–14.7 Ma), values 6 to 9°C warmer than present. Our record also indicates cooling across the MCT of 2.9 ± 2.5°C (uncertainties 95% confidence level). The Mg/Ca record derived from the same samples indicates temperatures well within uncertainty of Δ47. As the two proxies are affected by different non‐thermal biases, the good agreement provides confidence in these reconstructed temperatures. Our Δ47 temperature record implies a ~0.6‰ seawater δ18O change over the MCT, in good agreement with previously published values from other sites. Our data furthermore confirm overall high seawater δ18O values across the middle Miocene, at face value suggesting ice volumes exceeding present‐day despite the warm bottom water temperatures. This finding suggests previously underappreciated additional influences on seawater δ18O and/or a decoupling of ice volume and ocean temperature.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm Middle Miocene Indian Ocean Bottom Water Temperatures: Comparison of Clumped Isotope and Mg/Ca‐Based Estimates

Modestou

Leutert

Fernández

et al. 2020

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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“…3 and 4). Thus, as recently proposed by the aquifer-eustasy 92 and arido-eustasy 42 models of sea-level change, dry global climates correspond to sea-level rises, and wet global climates correspond to sea-level falls (due to excess accumulation of fresh water in continental aquifers). Such 1.4 to 1.6 million years Milankovitch-forced sedimentary cycles correlating very well with the eccentricity oscillations of earth's orbit 136 and the oscillations of the reference sea level curve (see Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…3 and 4). Thus, as recently proposed by the aquifer-eustasy 92,93 and the arido-eustasy 42 models of sea-level change, dry global climates correspond to sea-level rises and wet global climates correspond to sea-level falls (due to excess accumulation of fresh water in continental aquifers).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Clado-stratigraphic Patternsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…According to the arido-eustasy 42 and the aquifer-eustasy 92 , 93 models of sea-level change, dry global climates seem to correspond to sea-level rises and wet global climates correspond to sea-level falls. Accordingly, the long-term high sea-level trend that characterised the Carboniferous–Permian transition could coincide with a long-term dry period; this may have caused the reported rainforest collapse event (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An early Pangaean vicariance model for synapsid evolution

Brikiatis¹

2020

Sci Rep

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Genetic isolation due to geographic separation (vicariance) is the best understood cause of vertebrate speciation. nevertheless, it has never been demonstrated in the fossil record across a wide range of taxa. Here, by reviewing in-depth the available data of the Late Palaeozoic (~ 350-250 million years ago), i reconstructed an early pangaean junction-disjunction palaeogeographic model and showed that it coincides strongly with time-calibrated cladograms of the Late palaeozoic synapsids (the primitive ancestors of modern mammals). the temporal development of the vicariant topology seems to fit closely with the emergence rhythm of the recovered synapsid taxa, suggesting vicariance due to pangaean separation as the cause of early amniote evolution. the inferred vicariant topology also accounts for the observed pattern in the north American marine biostratigraphic units. Accordingly, the model demonstrates the link between the evolution of life on earth and palaeogeographic evolution and strongly supports allopatric speciation through vicariance as the prominent mode of amniote evolution. furthermore, correlations between state-of-the-art biochronostratigraphic charts and this palaeogeographic model suggest that the arido-eustasy model can explain the mid-permian biotic extinction event and depositional cycles, such as the pre-Zechstein of the central european Basin. Vicariance is the geographical separation of previously sympatric populations due to the development of geographical and/or ecological barriers to gene flow 1. Through vicariance, conspecific populations become genetically isolated and subsequently accumulate different mutations that render them reproductively incompatible resulting in the creation of new species 2. One common way for temporally heterogeneous geographic barriers to form is via eustatic sea-level changes that produce seaways on low profile intercontinental land bridges 3. Accordingly, transgressive stages, which occur when sea-levels are high, are expected to coincide with vicariance of the terrestrial biota, whereas regressive stages, which occur when sea-levels are low, are expected to coincide with geodispersals, and the opposite pattern is expected for marine biota 4. To verify a vicariance pattern, a junction-disjunction palaeogeographic model must correlate with phylogenetic topologies of multiple taxa 5. Although vicariance is the best understood mode of speciation 1,2 , due to the absence of detailed scenarios of palaeogeographic changes and sufficiently resolved and representative phylogenetic trees, allopatric speciation has not been confirmed for a wide range of taxa in the vertebrate fossil record. Based on the most apparent episodes of sea-level change that affected the southern connections between the Uralian Seaway (URS) and the Palaeotethys, an early Pangaean junction-disjunction palaeogeographic model was reconstructed and compared to time-calibrated consensus cladograms ("clado-stratigraphic patterns") of Late Palaeozoic vertebrates to determine whether a vicariance pat...

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“…Although the greenhouse geological record testifies to temporal variations in humidity (e.g., Sames et al, 2020), the greenhouse Earth did not generally experience large-magnitude shifts in global climate, relative to the glacial-interglacial oscillations of icehouse periods. As such, greenhouse conditions are generally associated with consistently elevated water tables, which experience only minor temporal changes in elevation relative to the accumulation surface (Fig.…”

Section: Greenhouse Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of the sedimentary architecture of eolian successions developed under icehouse and greenhouse climatic conditions

2021

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The continental terrestrial record preserves an archive of how ancient sedimentary systems respond to and record changes in global climate. A database-driven quantitative assessment reveals differences in the preserved sedimentary architectures of siliciclastic eolian systems with broad geographic and stratigraphic distribution that developed under icehouse versus greenhouse climatic conditions. Over 5600 geological entities, including architectural elements, facies, sediment textures, and bounding surfaces, have been analyzed from 34 eolian systems of Paleoproterozoic to Cenozoic ages. Statistical analyses have been performed on the abundance, composition, preserved thickness, and arrangement of different eolian lithofacies, architectural elements, and bounding surfaces. Results demonstrate that preserved sedimentary architectures of icehouse and greenhouse systems differ markedly. Eolian dune, sand sheet, and interdune architectural elements that accumulated under icehouse conditions are significantly thinner relative to their greenhouse counterparts; this is observed across all basin settings, supercontinents, geological ages, and dune field physiographic settings. However, this difference between icehouse and greenhouse eolian systems is exclusively observed for paleolatitudes <30°, which suggests that climate-induced changes in the strength and circulation patterns of trade winds may have partly controlled eolian sand accumulation. These changes acted in combination with variations in water table levels, sand supply, and sand transport, ultimately influencing the nature of long-term sediment preservation. During icehouse episodes, Milankovitch cyclicity resulted in deposits typified by glacial accumulation and interglacial deflation. Greenhouse conditions promoted the accumulation of eolian elements into the geological record due to elevated water tables and biogenic- and chemical-stabilizing agents, which could protect deposits from wind-driven deflation. In the context of a rapidly changing climate, the results presented here can help predict the impact of climate change on Earth surface processes.

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Aquifer-eustasy as the main driver of short-term sea-level fluctuations during Cretaceous hothouse climate phases

Cited by 57 publications

References 164 publications

Warm Middle Miocene Indian Ocean Bottom Water Temperatures: Comparison of Clumped Isotope and Mg/Ca‐Based Estimates

Warm Middle Miocene Indian Ocean Bottom Water Temperatures: Comparison of Clumped Isotope and Mg/Ca‐Based Estimates

An early Pangaean vicariance model for synapsid evolution

Quantitative analysis of the sedimentary architecture of eolian successions developed under icehouse and greenhouse climatic conditions

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