Aptamers as a Promising Therapeutic Tool for Cancer Immunotherapy

Soldevilla, Mario Martínez; Villanueva, Helena; Pastor, Fernando

doi:10.5772/66964

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…Further modifications of the proteinaceous platform, including fused enzymes, factors, or peptide tags, are likely possible to specify or modulate the chemical and biological responses of the fibrillar scaffold. The possibilities to micropattern as well as functionalize the protein-based nanohydrogel surfaces using the DNA-spider silk conjugates with aptameric functionality , would enable targeting of specific cell markers. Thus, further developments of spider silk nanohydrogels will enable their integration into platforms suitable for isolation of circulating cancer cells, single cell cloning in stem cell therapies, CRISPR-based genetic manipulations, or a production of protein therapeutics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Functionalized Spider Silk Nanohydrogels for Specific Cell Attachment and Patterning

et al. 2022

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Nucleated protein self-assembly of an azido modified spider silk protein was employed in the preparation of nanofibrillar networks with hydrogel-like properties immobilized on coatings of the same protein. Formation of the networks in a mild aqueous environment resulted in thicknesses between 2 and 60 nm, which were controlled only by the protein concentration. Incorporated azido groups in the protein were used to “click” short nucleic acid sequences onto the nanofibrils, which were accessible to specific hybridization-based modifications, as proved by fluorescently labeled DNA complements. A lipid modifier was used for efficient incorporation of DNA into the membrane of nonadherent Jurkat cells. Based on the complementarity of the nucleic acids, highly specific DNA-assisted immobilization of the cells on the nanohydrogels with tunable cell densities was possible. Addressability of the DNA cell-to-surface anchor was demonstrated with a competitive oligonucleotide probe, resulting in a rapid release of 75–95% of cells. In addition, we developed a photolithography-based patterning of arbitrarily shaped microwells, which served to spatially define the formation of the nanohydrogels. After detaching the photoresist and PEG-blocking of the surface, DNA-assisted immobilization of the Jurkat cells on the nanohydrogel microstructures was achieved with high fidelity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Functionalized Spider Silk Nanohydrogels for Specific Cell Attachment and Patterning

et al. 2022

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“…Aptamers can be designed to activate costimulus receptors or block immunosuppressive signals for triggering specific antitumor immune responses. 122 In the tumor microenvironment, the lack of costimulating ligands causes the exhaustion of T cells, thus compromising their efficacy to elicit or augment antitumor immune responses. 122 Pastorhas et al has developed multivalent RNA aptamers as agonists for costimulation receptor CD28.…”

Section: ■ Immunostimulatory Nucleic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…122 In the tumor microenvironment, the lack of costimulating ligands causes the exhaustion of T cells, thus compromising their efficacy to elicit or augment antitumor immune responses. 122 Pastorhas et al has developed multivalent RNA aptamers as agonists for costimulation receptor CD28. These aptamers improved the costimulatory signal, which promoted the proliferation of CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells in vitro.…”

Section: ■ Immunostimulatory Nucleic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to monoclonal antibodies used for cancer immunotherapy, aptamers may have several advantages including fast aptamer screening to a variety of molecular and cellular targets, reproducible and programmable aptamer synthesis, site-specific chemical modifications that can promote the stability or pharmacology or functionalities, and recoverable conformations and functionalities upon experiencing some high temperature or denaturing conditions. Aptamers can be designed to activate costimulus receptors or block immunosuppressive signals for triggering specific antitumor immune responses . In the tumor microenvironment, the lack of costimulating ligands causes the exhaustion of T cells, thus compromising their efficacy to elicit or augment antitumor immune responses .…”

Section: Genetic Nucleic Acids For Cancer Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nucleic Acid Immunotherapeutics for Cancer

Shen

Zhou

Lin

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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The past decade has witnessed the blossom of two fields: nucleic acid therapeutics and cancer immunotherapy. Unlike traditional small molecule medicines or protein biologics, nucleic acid therapeutics have characteristic features such as storing genetic information, immunomodulation, and easy conformational recovery. Immunotherapy uses the patients' own immune system to treat cancer. A variety of strategies have been developed for cancer immunotherapy including immune checkpoint blockade, adoptive cell transfer therapy, therapeutic vaccines, and oncolytic virotherapy. Interestingly, nucleic acid therapeutics have emerged as a pivotal class of regimen for cancer immunotherapy. Examples of such nucleic acid immunotherapeutics include immunostimulatory DNA/RNA, mRNA/plasmids that can be translated into immunotherapeutic proteins/peptides, and genome-editing nucleic acids. Like many other therapeutic nucleic acids, nucleic acid immunotherapeutics often require chemical modifications to protect them from enzymatic degradation and need drug delivery systems for optimal delivery to target tissues and cells and subcellular locations. In this review, we attempted to summarize recent advancement in the interfacial field of nucleic acid immunotherapeutics for cancer treatment.

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“…In total, 67% of the patients exhibited a stable disease profile after the Phase I trial [92,93] understudy who were suffering from advanced cancer, more than half exhibited a stable disease profile two months after treatment commenced. The absence of side effects is one crucial feature that distinguishes aptamers from other drugs that target malignant growth [14,48] (Figure 4).…”

Section: Anticancer Aptamermentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptamers: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications

Fesseha¹

2020

BJSTR

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Nucleic acids that can bind with high affinity and specificity to target molecules are called "aptamers". Aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acids that directly inhibit a protein's function by folding into a specific three-dimensional structure that dictates high-affinity binding to the targeted protein. Aptamers exhibit significant advantages relative to protein therapeutics in terms of size, synthetic accessibility, and modification by medicinal chemistry. Despite these properties, aptamers have been slow to reach the marketplace, with only one aptamer-based drug receiving approval so far. Recently, aptamers constitute a new class of oligonucleotides that have gained therapeutic importance and pegaptanib is the first approved aptamer drug that is class of oligonucleotides and is often referred to as 'chemical antibodies. The development of pegaptanib is looked at for the challenges faced in converting aptamers into therapeutic molecules. Because they inhibit the activity of existing proteins directly, aptamers are more similar to a monoclonal antibody or small molecule drugs than to antisense compounds, and this property greatly increases the number of clinical indications that are potentially treatable by nucleic acid-based compounds.reach specificity and considerable affinity to target molecules,

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Aptamers as a Promising Therapeutic Tool for Cancer Immunotherapy

Cited by 3 publications

References 92 publications

DNA Functionalized Spider Silk Nanohydrogels for Specific Cell Attachment and Patterning

DNA Functionalized Spider Silk Nanohydrogels for Specific Cell Attachment and Patterning

Nucleic Acid Immunotherapeutics for Cancer

Aptamers: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications

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