Applying a Bauhaus design approach to conceptualize an integrated system of mental health care: Lessons from a large urban hospital

Abstract

We have applied a Bauhaus design lens to inform a visual conceptual framework for a rational mental health care system. We believe that Canada's healthcare system can often be fragmented and does not always allow for service delivery to easily meet patient care needs. Within our proposed framework, the form of services provided follows patient-and healthcare-centred needs. The framework is also informed by the ethics and values of social responsibility, population health, and principles of quality of care. We review evidence for this framework (based on need, acuity, risk, service intensity, and provider level) and describe patient care pathways from intake/triage to three patient-centred tiers of care: (1) primary care (low needs), (2) acute ambulatory transitional care (moderate needs), and (3) acute hospital and complex care (high needs). Within each tier, various models of care are organized from low to high service intensity as informed by reports from the British Columbia Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization. We hope that our model may help to better conceptualize and organize our mental health care system and help providers clarify roles, responsibilities, and accountabilities to improve quality of care.

Staff perspectives: What is the function of adult mental health day hospital programs?

“…Although this term has not been commonly cited in the literature, Lenz and colleagues (Lenz et al., ) described the continuum of care of mental health services: inpatient care exists for those most severely impaired, DH services are appropriate for those moderately impaired (with a high level of distress) and, it would follow, outpatient services serve individuals at a higher level of functioning. This idea of day hospital services as bridging has also recently been discussed by Ungar and colleagues (Ungar, Taube‐Schiff, & Stergiopoulos, ), who conceptualized this form of treatment as bridging the highest level of acute care (i.e. emergency services, inpatient care and complex specialized chronic care) and subsequent lower needs care, such as primary care.…”

“…Following DH care, patients can then ideally transition out to community services involving primary care, solo practitioner specialists, family health teams, self‐care or peer support (Ungar et al. ). Although staff did not describe it in this manner, the bridging function of a DH could also be conceptualized within this transitional care approach, allowing patients to “ step up ” to inpatient services or “ step down” to outpatient services.…”

“…Staff within this study also spoke about the bridging function of DH programs and their transitional purpose. Although this term has not been commonly cited in the literature, Lenz and colleagues (Lenz et al, 2014) care, solo practitioner specialists, family health teams, self-care or peer support (Ungar et al 2016). Although staff did not describe it in this manner, the bridging function of a DH could also be conceptualized within this transitional care approach, allowing patients to "step up" to inpatient services or "step down" to outpatient services.…”

Innovative teaching strategies for art and design based on VAR model

“…In art and design teaching, creative thinking is the life of art and design, and the cultivation of innovation and invention ability is more important than anything else. In 1919, the Bauhaus, the world's first design institute established entirely for the development of design education, was founded in Germany [8][9][10], establishing the basic model of art and design education in Germany and the world. In the United States, after imitating and learning from the mode and experience of German design education, the educational ideology of technique was changed to that of concept and thinking, and a new concept of design that focuses on human nature and personality development was started, gradually forming a design education system based on the social background and cultural characteristics of the country [11][12].…”