“…Therefore, little increase is expected through the use of multivariate analysis. Similar results were found by Balestre et al [8] with common bean.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 92%
“…This similarity in the estimates between the two approaches should probably be associated with good experimental precision, observed through selective accuracy and, consequently, through the high estimate of heritability (Table 2). Balestre et al [8] observed that, under high heritability, there is no difference between the multivariate and univariate approach.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…β , α , ω , ϕ , and τ are the vectors of the effects of X
n , Z
1 n , Z
2 n , Z
3 n , and Z
4 n , respectively, and e
n is the random error of the model. Expansion of the model was performed according to Balestre et al [8]. …”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Analysis of these variables in an isolated manner might not be sufficient to model the phenomenon for they do not consider the correlations existing between them. Thus, use of the theory of mixed model multivariate analysis allows combining the multiple pieces of information contained in the experimental unit so as to facilitate carrying out selection based on the combination of variables, allowing discrimination of the most promising genotypes [8]. …”
The objective of our study was to characterize and determine the patterns of genetic control in relation to tolerance and efficiency of nitrogen use by means of a complete diallel cross involving contrasting inbred progenies of tropical maize based on a univariate approach within the perspective of a multivariate mixed model. Eleven progenies, previously classified regarding the tolerance and responsiveness to nitrogen, were crossed in a complete diallel cross. Fifty-five hybrids were obtained. The hybrids and the progenies were evaluated at two different nitrogen levels, in two locations. The grain yield was measured as well as its yield components. The heritability values between the higher and lower nitrogen input environment did not differ among themselves. It was observed that the general combining ability values were similar for both approaches univariate and multivariate, when it was analyzed within each location and nitrogen level. The estimate of variance of the specific combining ability was higher than general combining ability estimate and the ratio between them was 0.54. The univariate and multivariate approaches are equivalent in experiments with good precision and high heritability. The nonadditive genetic effects exhibit greater quantities than the additive genetic effects for the genetic control of nitrogen use efficiency.
“…Therefore, little increase is expected through the use of multivariate analysis. Similar results were found by Balestre et al [8] with common bean.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 92%
“…This similarity in the estimates between the two approaches should probably be associated with good experimental precision, observed through selective accuracy and, consequently, through the high estimate of heritability (Table 2). Balestre et al [8] observed that, under high heritability, there is no difference between the multivariate and univariate approach.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…β , α , ω , ϕ , and τ are the vectors of the effects of X
n , Z
1 n , Z
2 n , Z
3 n , and Z
4 n , respectively, and e
n is the random error of the model. Expansion of the model was performed according to Balestre et al [8]. …”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Analysis of these variables in an isolated manner might not be sufficient to model the phenomenon for they do not consider the correlations existing between them. Thus, use of the theory of mixed model multivariate analysis allows combining the multiple pieces of information contained in the experimental unit so as to facilitate carrying out selection based on the combination of variables, allowing discrimination of the most promising genotypes [8]. …”
The objective of our study was to characterize and determine the patterns of genetic control in relation to tolerance and efficiency of nitrogen use by means of a complete diallel cross involving contrasting inbred progenies of tropical maize based on a univariate approach within the perspective of a multivariate mixed model. Eleven progenies, previously classified regarding the tolerance and responsiveness to nitrogen, were crossed in a complete diallel cross. Fifty-five hybrids were obtained. The hybrids and the progenies were evaluated at two different nitrogen levels, in two locations. The grain yield was measured as well as its yield components. The heritability values between the higher and lower nitrogen input environment did not differ among themselves. It was observed that the general combining ability values were similar for both approaches univariate and multivariate, when it was analyzed within each location and nitrogen level. The estimate of variance of the specific combining ability was higher than general combining ability estimate and the ratio between them was 0.54. The univariate and multivariate approaches are equivalent in experiments with good precision and high heritability. The nonadditive genetic effects exhibit greater quantities than the additive genetic effects for the genetic control of nitrogen use efficiency.
“…In addition to indirect selection, which may be included in multi-trait models, the inclusion of dominance effects in the model to take advantage of the heterosis phenomenon is another factor that may be used by breeders to increase predictive ability. In the context of the GBLUP model, the inclusion of dominance effects may be easily performed using the kinship matrix including dominance estimated using molecular markers without drastically changing the model size, as would occur in a regression model using markers [ 18 ].…”
New proposals for models and applications of prediction processes with data on molecular markers may help reduce the financial costs of and identify superior genotypes in maize breeding programs. Studies evaluating Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (GBLUP) models including dominance effects have not been performed in the univariate and multivariate context in the data analysis of this crop. A single cross hybrid construction procedure was performed in this study using phenotypic data and actual molecular markers of 4,091 maize lines from the public database Panzea. A total of 400 simple hybrids resulting from this process were analyzed using the univariate and multivariate GBLUP model considering only additive effects additive plus dominance effects. Historic heritability scenarios of five traits and other genetic architecture settings were used to compare models, evaluating the predictive ability and estimation of variance components. Marginal differences were detected between the multivariate and univariate models. The main explanation for the small discrepancy between models is the low- to moderate-magnitude correlations between the traits studied and moderate heritabilities. These conditions do not favor the advantages of multivariate analysis. The inclusion of dominance effects in the models was an efficient strategy to improve the predictive ability and estimation quality of variance components.
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