Application of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with pulmonary embolism (Review)

Abstract

As a common clinical emergency, pulmonary embolism (PE) is the third most fatal cardiovascular disease worldwide. Although current sophisticated medical technology has considerably improved the prognosis of patients with PE, they remain at risk of developing long-term complications such as post-PE syndrome. Pulmonary rehabilitation is of great value for patients with chronic lung diseases since it can improve their quality of life while also relieving clinical symptoms. Rehabilitation therapy has been demonstrated to improve recovery and prognosis of patients with PE. Due to short implementation time and the small number of studies, its effectiveness and safety in PE warrant further investigation. The present review focused on elucidating PE pathogenesis, post-PE syndrome and the clinical application of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with PE. Contents1. Introduction 2. Etiology, pathogenesis and susceptibility factors of PE 3. Post-PE syndrome 4. Pulmonary rehabilitation 5. Clinical implications of pulmonary rehabilitation 6. Discussion 7. Conclusion

Assessing long-term symptoms in patients with post-pulmonary embolism syndrome using patientreported outcome measures

“…Pulmonary rehabilitation is a comprehensive intervention program that combines multiple measures and disciplines, including but not limited to exercise training, education and behavioral changes, such as: Exercise training, Respiratory training, Respiratory training, Health education, Psychological intervention, Nutritional supplementation [42]. The existing evidence suggests that pulmonary rehabilitation is a potential treatment for alleviating post-PE syndrome, which improves the quality of life and prognosis of patients with PE [43].…”

Patient education and rehabilitation after pulmonary thromboembolism

“…Dacă în ca-zul insuficienței cardiace stîngi, reabilitarea cardiacă este recomandată de către Societatea Europeană de Cardiologie, Asociația Americană a Inimii şi Colegiul American de Cardiologie la toţi pacienţii (cu cel mai înalt nivel de dovezi ştiinţifice -clasa de recomandare I), în ceea ce privește insuficiența cardiacă dreaptă recomandările de reabilitare fizică sunt rezervate [5]. Acest fapt este datorat necesităţii individualizării programelor de reabilitare în raport cu condiţiile locale şi cu particularităţile clinice ale fiecărui pacient, prezenței factorului de vigilență și teamă prezente atât la pacient, cât și la medic, lipsei studiilor controlate randomizate suficient de puternice [6]. Ghidul Socie-tății Europene de Cardiologie din 2019 susține furnizarea de informații privind reabilitarea pacienților cu simptome persistente, inclusiv exerciții fizice, educație comportamentală și modificarea factorilor de risc [5], însă aceste recomandări nu sunt bine elucidate, programele de reabilitare nu sunt standartizate, conțin recomandări generale [7].…”

Renal Cell Carcinoma Presenting as Syncope due to Saddle Pulmonary Tumor Embolism

“…Comprising one of the most common presentations in the emergency department, pulmonary embolism (PE) is counted as the third most fatal cardiovascular pathology worldwide [ 1 , 2 ]. Etiologically, it is caused by the blockage of the pulmonary artery and/or its segmental and subsegmental branches, by blood clots arising mainly in the venous system of the lower extremities induced by Virchow triad: stasis of blood flow, vascular endothelial injury, and hypercoagulability [ 3 ].…”

“…Clinically, patients present with dyspnea, hypoxia, tachypnea, and/or tachycardia. In severe untreated cases or in case of massive PE, the patient may present with hemodynamic instability and sudden death [ 2 ].…”