Application of liposomes in drug development – focus on gastroenterological targets

Abstract

Over the past decade, liposomes became a focal point in developing drug delivery systems. New liposomes, with novel lipid molecules or conjugates, and new formulations opened possibilities for safely and efficiently treating many diseases including cancers. New types of liposomes can prolong circulation time or specifically deliver drugs to therapeutic targets. This article concentrates on current developments in liposome based drug delivery systems for treating diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. We will review different types and uses of liposomes in the development of therapeutics for gastrointestinal diseases including inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer.

Steric Stabilizers for Cubic Phase Lyotropic Liquid Crystal Nanodispersions (Cubosomes)

“…For example, dispersions from the lamellar, hexagonal, and cubic phases are known as "liposomes," "hexosomes," and "cubosomes," respectively. Liposomes have been extensively used as drug delivery vehicles with 12 clinically approved liposomal drug formulations currently on the market and 22 liposomal drugs undergoing clinical trials [34,35]. Particles based on other lyotropic liquid crystalline structures such as cubosomes (inverse bicontinuous cubic phase, Fig.…”

“…Pn3m (Q 224 ) and Im3m (Q 229 ) [193][194][195] Pluronic ® F127/mPEG 2k DSPE Glyceryl monooleate Im3m (Q 229 ) [83] Pluronic ® F127/mPEG 350 DSPE Phytantriol Pn3m (Q 224 ), Im3m (Q 229 ) [196] Pluronic ® F127/mPEG 750 DSPE Phytantriol Pn3m (Q 224 ) and Im3m (Q 229 ) [196] Pluronic ® F127/mPEG 2k DSPE Phytantriol Pn3m (Q 224 ) and Im3m (Q 229 ) [196] Pluronic ® F127/β-casein mixture P(ODA) 6 -b-P(PEGA-OMe) 27 Phytantriol Pn3m (Q 224 ) [207] Glyceryl monooleate Im3m (Q 229 ) [207] P(ODA) 6 -b-P(PEGA-OMe) 35 Phytantriol Pn3m (Q 224 ) [207] Glyceryl monooleate Im3m (Q 229 ) [207] P(ODA) 6 -b-P(PEGA-OMe) 39 Phytantriol Pn3m (Q 224 ) [207] Glyceryl monooleate Im3m (Q 229 ) [207] P(ODA) 10 -b-P(PEGA-OMe) 23 Phytantriol Pn3m (Q 224 ) [207] Glyceryl monooleate Im3m (Q 229 ) [207] P(ODA) 10 -b-P(PEGA-OMe) 31 Phytantriol Pn3m (Q 224 ) [207] Glyceryl monooleate Im3m (Q 229 ) [207] P(ODA) 10 -b-P(PEGA-OMe) 34 Phytantriol Pn3m (Q 224 ) [207] Glyceryl monooleate Im3m (Q 229 ) [207] PEG-based copolymers bearing lipid-mimetic anchors Glyceryl monooleate/sodium cholate Cubosome (coexisting with L 3 phase)…”

Multidynamic Liposomes in Nanomedicine: Technology, Biology, Applications, and Disease Targeting

“…Moreover, newly developed different liposomal combinations/formulations and liposomal vaccines have shown promising results in clinical studies and in commercial applications. In all, liposomal formulations are still important and potential tool for its clinical application of nanomedicines [45,50,61,63,65,.…”

A novel temperature-responsive micelle for enhancing combination therapy

“…1 h NMr spectra of cPPa-Pcl (macro-cPPa) and p(NIPaaM-co-PegMea)-b-Pcl in cDcl 3 . Note: The a-f correspond with the left chemical structure and they can also be noted on the chemical structure (δha, 4.05 ppm; δhb, 1.4 ppm; δhc, 2.3 ppm; and δhd, 1.65 ppm), NIPaaM (δhe, 1.1 ppm), and PegMea (δhf, 3.6 ppm).…”

“…Many types of nanosized carriers have been designed, including polymeric micelles, 2 liposomes, 3 nanoparticles, and drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. 4 Nanocarriers for drug encapsulation are advantageous for cancer therapy because of preferential accumulation of the drug in the tumors through enhanced permeability and retention.…”