Application of Aptamer-Based Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Pathogenic Escherichia coli

Abstract

Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) widely exist in Nature and have always been a serious threat to the human health. Conventional colony forming units counting-based methods are quite time consuming and not fit for rapid detection for E. coli. Therefore, novel strategies for improving detection efficiency and sensitivity are in great demand. Aptamers have been widely used in various sensors due to their extremely high affinity and specificity. Successful applications of aptamers have been found in the rapid detection of pathogenic E. coli. Herein, we present the latest advances in screening of aptamers for E. coli, and review the preparation and application of aptamer-based biosensors in rapid detection of E. coli. Furthermore, the problems and new trends in these aptamer-based biosensors for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganism are also discussed.

Sensitive Detection of E. coli in Artificial Seawater by Aptamer-Coated Magnetic Beads and Direct PCR

“…For instance, optical biosensors that use filters and camera enable to detect bacteria in water by fluorescence or hemiluminescence [12][13][14][15]. In the literature, electrochemical sensors are proposed that detect pathogens thanks to the current or potential variations that occur upon pathogen or its biomarker interaction with an electrode [16][17][18][19][20][21]. Among various detection methods, the most robust are those based on ELISA immunological tests and on PCR-based molecular tests [22].…”

Selection and preliminary application of a single stranded DNA aptamer targeting colorectal cancer serum

“…In this study, we have developed an efficient strategy to screen highly specic nucleic acid aptamers aiming to recognize colorectal cancer as diagnosis tools binding to unknown tumor markers in the serum of the colorectal cancer patients based on a SELEX technology technique assisted by SWCNT. [14][15][16][33][34][35] SWCNT was used to adsorb a serious of ssDNA that did not bind or with weak low affinity with colorectal cancer serum through p-p stacking interaction so that bound ssDNA to SWCNT could be separated thereby the screening efficiency can be improved. Ten rounds of screening were performed to obtain the aptamers with highly specic affinity to tumor markers in the serum of the colorectal cancer patients.…”

“…[27][28][29] In this study, we have developed an efficient strategy to screen a highly specic nucleic acid aptamer aiming to recognize colorectal cancer serum as diagnosis tools. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Firstly, high abundance proteins in the serum could be efficiently removed using acetonitrile as a precipitate to reduce the enrichment of nonspecic ssDNA libraries, thus improving the screening efficiency of the nal aptamers. Secondly, during the successive positive-screening and negative-screening processes, the mixture of the high abundance proteins-removed serum and primary ssDNA libraries with the carboxyl magnetic agarose beads as separation medium was treated through successive incubation, elution and thermal denaturation steps to collect the primary ssDNA libraries with highly specic affinity to tumor markers in the serum of the colorectal cancer patients.…”

3D-Printed Flow Cells for Aptamer-Based Impedimetric Detection of E. coli Crooks Strain

“…Previously reported targets include: Small molecules like progesterone [9] or Ochratoxin A (OTA) [10], proteins such as clinically relevant Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) [11,12] or carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) [13], spore simulants of Bacillus anthracis [14], and various bacterial pathogens (e.g., Salmonella typhimurium [15,16], Escherichia coli (E. coli) [17][18][19][20], Staphylococcus aureus [21,22]). Infections with specific pathogenic E. coli, for instance, are the cause of multiple severe medical conditions [23]. Thus, rapid and reliable testing is needed to validate the safety of food or environmental samples.…”