Application and Progress of Chemometrics in Voltammetric Biosensing

Abstract

The voltammetric electrochemical sensing method combined with biosensors and multi-sensor systems can quickly, accurately, and reliably analyze the concentration of the main analyte and the overall characteristics of complex samples. Simultaneously, the high-dimensional voltammogram contains the rich electrochemical features of the detected substances. Chemometric methods are important tools for mining valuable information from voltammetric data. Chemometrics can aid voltammetric biosensor calibration and multi-element detection in complex matrix conditions. This review introduces the voltammetric analysis techniques commonly used in the research of voltammetric biosensor and electronic tongues. Then, the research on optimizing voltammetric biosensor results using classical chemometrics is summarized. At the same time, the incorporation of machine learning and deep learning has brought new opportunities to further improve the detection performance of biosensors in complex samples. Finally, smartphones connected with miniaturized voltammetric biosensors and chemometric methods provide a high-quality portable analysis platform that shows great potential in point-of-care testing.

Laser-induced graphene incorporated with silver nanoparticles applied for heavy metal multi-detection

“…These characteristics make SWV a widely used method in basic research and analysis of biological compounds. 42 First, in order to remove the impurities on the surface of the electrode as a preconditioning step, a positive voltage was applied to the electrode at 0.3 V for 50 s in an acetate buffer (0.1 M, pH 4.5). This step is included in the first or last step of SWASV measurement, but we performed a pre-treatment step before plating heavy metal ions for the sake of measurement accuracy.…”

Perspective—Advances in Voltammetric Methods for the Measurement of Biomolecules

“…Reproduced with permission. 6 ECS Sensors Plus, 2024 3 027001 have used waveforms with varying scan speeds in one sweeping direction, and that includes the triangle sweeping waveform. This invention improves species-electrode interactions and redox kinetics through the manipulation of electron transfer at the surface of the electrode.…”

The Use of Sensors in Blood-Brain Barrier-on-a-Chip Devices: Current Practice and Future Directions

“…They are cheap, easily integrable into chip devices, and allow rapid sensing. Depending on the particular problem, potentiometric, amperometric, voltammetric or field-effect transistor-based biosensors can be chosen [ 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 ], while recent studies have also utilized the advantages of electro-chemiluminescent detection in various bioanalytical applications [ 100 ]. In addition, both electric and optical biosensors can make use of biocompatible smart materials, such as graphene oxide derivatives [ 101 ], which can be functionalized by molecular grafting techniques [ 102 , 103 ].…”