Appetite-related hormone levels in obese women with and without binge eating behavior

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of appetite-related hormones (peptide YY3-36, total ghrelin, leptin and insulin) before and after consumption of a meal in obese women with and without binge eating episodes and normal weight women. METHODS: Twenty-five women aged 32-50 years were invited to participate in this study, including 9 normal weight women without binge eating episodes (20-25kg/m², group 1), 9 obese women with binge eating episodes (³30kg/m², group 2), and 7 obese women without binge eating episodes (group 3). Four blood samples were collected from each participant, one being 60 minutes before and three being 15, 45 and 90 minutes after a meal. The composition of the meal was 55% carbohydrates, 15% protein and 30% lipids. RESULTS: Group 3 presented increased HOMA-IR (M=2.5, SD=1.04) when compared with group 1 (M=1.5, SD=0.53) and group 2 (M=1.8, SD=0.58), p=0.04. Body mass index (p<0.0001), leptin (p<0.0001) and insulin (p=0.01) were higher in group 3 than in the other groups before and after the meal. Additionally, total ghrelin (p=0.003) and PYY3-36 (p=0.02) levels were lower in group 2 than in the other groups before and after the meal. After adjustment for body mass index, only the lower PYY3-36 level of group 2 remained statistically different from the other groups (p=0.01). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that lower levels of PYY 3-36 are associated with binge eating in obese women.

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“…Leptin, a hormone derived from adipose tissue involved in the pathophysiology of eating disorders, is increased in obese women with binge eating [6]. This statement was confirmed by this study: Women with BED had significantly higher levels of leptin than their counterparts without BED.…”

“…These appetite-influencing hormones, such as leptin and adiponectin, are respectively increased and reduced in obesity in individuals with or without BED [6], and linked to visceral abdominal fat that is recognized as a passive fat storehouse with high capacities of adipokines synthesis, leading to proinflammatory and insulin-resistant states [7]. This metabolic pattern modification could be related to altered angiogenesis in adipose tissue and an important increase in the cardiovascular risk [8].…”

Dopamine D4 receptor gene DRD4 and its association with psychiatric disorders

“…[88–90]) and environmental factors play a role in the etiology of psychiatric disorders (e.g. [91–95]). Psychiatric disorders are not monogenic, and many interactions participate in the development of a disorder.…”

Pharmacological management of binge eating disorder: current and emerging treatment options

“…However, not all individuals with BED are overweight or obese 33. In addition, compared with obese individuals without BED, obese individuals with BED have greater concerns about shape and body weight and greater body dissatisfaction, report lower quality of life, consume more calories in laboratory-based studies, have greater cognitive deficits on neuropsychological testing, have higher rates of comorbid Axis I and Axis II disorders, have higher rates of mood disorders and obesity in first-degree relatives, and may have a distinct neurobiology 2,6,34–37…”