Apoproteins and lipids as discriminators of severity of coronary heart disease

Riesen, Walter; Mordasini, R; Salzmann, C; Theler, Armin; Gurtner, H. P.

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(80)90104-5

Cited by 132 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These hypertriglyceridemic and normolipidemic individuals with apparent increased CAD risk can be identified by the elevated LDL apo B levels. 20 ' &• ^L DL apo B levels also are in the normal range in those with the rare primary familial disorders of lipoprotein lipase and its activators, those with lipoprotein type III, 25 and those with monogenic familial hypertriglyceridemia.…”

Section: Hyper-b-apoproteinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoproteins B and A-I and coronary artery disease in humans.

Brunzell¹,

Sniderman²,

Albers³

et al. 1984

Arteriosclerosis

286

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Section: Hyper-b-apoproteinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoproteins B and A-I and coronary artery disease in humans.

Brunzell¹,

Sniderman²,

Albers³

et al. 1984

Arteriosclerosis

286

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“…Low serum concentrations of apolipoprotein (apo) AI, the main protein component of HDL, and increased concentrations of apo B100, the main protein component of LDL, have been reported as CVD risk factors in case-control studies, studies of patients undergoing angiography, and in prospective studies (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Some authors have concluded that apo AI and B were better indicators of atherosclerotic risk than other serum lipids (9,10,13 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors behind the Increase in Cardiovascular Mortality in Russia: Apolipoprotein AI and B Distribution in the Arkhangelsk Study 2000

et al. 2004

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Background: Cardiovascular mortality is markedly higher in Russia than in Western Europe and the US. Little is known about indicators of atherosclerotic risk in the Russian population. To our knowledge, this is the first study of apolipoprotein (apo) AI and B in Russia based on the WHO-IFCC standard. Methods: We measured apo AI and B by immunoturbidimetric assay in 3694 men and women from Arkhangelsk, Russia, in 1999 -2000. Results:The age-related distribution of apo B was similar to that in other countries, whereas the apo AI profile was different. For men >20 years, apo AI was considerably higher than in studies from other countries. Women had also relatively high apo AI concentrations, although the difference was not as pronounced as in men. The apo AI concentration was positively associated with age and lifestyle variables such as alcohol consumption and physical activity, and negatively associated with body mass index and self-reported myocardial infarction. ␥-Glutamyltransferase was positively associated with apo AI in both sexes. Conclusions: The apparently favorable apolipoprotein profiles contrast with official death statistics indicating high cardiovascular mortality in Russia. High apo AI might indicate excessive alcohol consumption.

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“…Recently, several studies have suggested that quantitation of the apoprotein moieties of these lipoproteins can provide additional information in this respect (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). In particular, the plasma concentration of the major apoprotein of low density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoprotein B (apoB), may frequently be increased in patients with coronary disease despite their having an LDL cholesterol within the normal range, a combination we termed hyperapobetalipoproteinemia (hyperapoB) (4,10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and distribution of low density lipoprotein fractions in hyperapobetalipoproteinemia, normolipidemia, and familial hypercholesterolemia.

Teng¹,

Thompson²,

Sniderman³

et al. 1983

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

195

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Hyperapobetalipoproteinemia is defined as the combination of a normal low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the face of an increased LDL apolipoprotein B (apoB) protein.To examine the physical basis for the apparent disproportion between LDL cholesterol and apoB characteristic of this syndrome, we used density gradient ultracentrifugation to isolate LDL fractions from 10 normal subjects, from 20 patients with hyperapobetalipoproteinemia (10 normotriglyceridemic and 10 hypertriglyceridemic), and from 7 patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. In familial hypercholesterolemia, more LDL was in fraction 1-"light" LDL-and this LDL was relatively enriched in cholesterol-and poor in protein. By contrast, it was fraction 2 "heavy" LDL-that differed in hyperapobetalipoproteinemia, being denser, depleted of cholesterol (particularly cholesteryl ester), and relatively enriched in apoB. These findings were more pronounced in the hypertriglyceridemic patients than in the normotriglyceridemic patients with hyperapobetalipoproteinemia. Thus this study confirms that considerable heterogeneity exists between LDL subfractions within individuals but, in addition, indicates there are also marked-and apparently characteristicdifferences in LDL composition amongst normal subjects and patients with hyperapobetalipoproteinemia or familial hypercholesterolemia.The risk of coronary heart disease in the Framingham study was initially shown to be related to plasma total cholesterol (1) and subsequently to the levels of cholesterol in the major lipoprotein classes (2,3). Recently, several studies have suggested that quantitation of the apoprotein moieties of these lipoproteins can provide additional information in this respect (4-12). In particular, the plasma concentration of the major apoprotein of low density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoprotein B (apoB), may frequently be increased in patients with coronary disease despite their having an LDL cholesterol within the normal range, a combination we termed hyperapobetalipoproteinemia (hyperapoB) (4, 10). By contrast, patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), in whom the risk of coronary heart disease is also very high, exhibit increases in both LDL cholesterol and LDL apoB.LDL are spherical particles that range in diameter between 21.0 and 29.0 nm and in density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ ml. Not surprisingly, there is mounting evidence that considerable heterogeneity exists among these LDL particles (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). For example, Shen et al. (16), using density gradient ultracentrifugation, demonstrated marked diversity of LDL in terms of both size and composition in normal individuals, the larger particles being enriched in cholesteryl ester compared to the smaller protein-enriched particles. In addition, Fisher and his colleagues have shown in a series of studies that in some individuals LDL is monodisperse, whereas in others it is polydisperse (19). A possible explanation for the decreased cholesterol-toprotein ratio in hyperapoB might be a shift in the ...

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Apoproteins and lipids as discriminators of severity of coronary heart disease

Cited by 132 publications

References 15 publications

Apoproteins B and A-I and coronary artery disease in humans.

Apoproteins B and A-I and coronary artery disease in humans.

Factors behind the Increase in Cardiovascular Mortality in Russia: Apolipoprotein AI and B Distribution in the Arkhangelsk Study 2000

Composition and distribution of low density lipoprotein fractions in hyperapobetalipoproteinemia, normolipidemia, and familial hypercholesterolemia.

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