Apical Accumulation of Rho in the Neural Plate Is Important for Neural Plate Cell Shape Change and Neural Tube Formation

Kinoshita, N.; Sasai, Noriaki; Misaki, Kazuyo; Yonemura, Shigenobu

doi:10.1091/mbc.e07-12-1286

Cited by 102 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Consistent with regulation of cell shape via apical myosin activity, Kinoshita et al demonstrated Rho localization at the apical surface of the epithelium during chick neurulation, and connected some of its effects with pMRLC (Kinoshita et al, 2008). In the developing Drosophila eye, Myosin II regulates changes in both cell shape and cell clustering, and in spaghetti squash (MRLC mutant) and zipper (myosin heavy chain mutant) the apical surface does not constrict (Escudero et al, 2007;Hildebrand, 2005;Lee and Treisman, 2004).…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 89%

Epithelial relaxation mediated by the myosin phosphatase regulator Mypt1 is required for brain ventricle lumen expansion and hindbrain morphogenesis

Gutzman

Sive

2010

Development

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SUMMARYWe demonstrate that in the zebrafish hindbrain, cell shape, rhombomere morphogenesis and, unexpectedly, brain ventricle lumen expansion depend on the contractile state of the neuroepithelium. The hindbrain neural tube opens in a specific sequence, with initial separation along the midline at rhombomere boundaries, subsequent openings within rhombomeres and eventual coalescence of openings into the hindbrain ventricle lumen. A mutation in the myosin phosphatase regulator mypt1 results in a small ventricle due to impaired stretching of the surrounding neuroepithelium. Although initial hindbrain opening remains normal, mypt1 mutant rhombomeres do not undergo normal morphological progression. Three-dimensional reconstruction demonstrates cell shapes within rhombomeres and at rhombomere boundaries are abnormal in mypt1 mutants. Wild-type cell shape requires that surrounding cells are also wild type, whereas mutant cell shape is autonomously regulated. Supporting the requirement for regulation of myosin function during hindbrain morphogenesis, wild-type embryos show dynamic levels of phosphorylated myosin regulatory light chain (pMRLC). By contrast, mutants show continuously high pMRLC levels, with concentration of pMRLC and myosin II at the apical side of the epithelium, and myosin II and actin concentration at rhombomere boundaries. Brain ventricle lumen expansion, rhombomere morphology and cell shape are rescued by inhibition of myosin II function, indicating that each defect is a consequence of overactive myosin. We suggest that the epithelium must 'relax', via activity of myosin phosphatase, to allow for normal hindbrain morphogenesis and expansion of the brain ventricular lumen. Epithelial relaxation might be a widespread strategy to facilitate tube inflation in many organs.

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Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 89%

Epithelial relaxation mediated by the myosin phosphatase regulator Mypt1 is required for brain ventricle lumen expansion and hindbrain morphogenesis

Gutzman

Sive

2010

Development

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“…Increase of RhoB expression was unexpected because it was reported to be necessary for NC delamination (Liu and Jessell, 1998). However, it has recently been shown that Rho GTPases are widely expressed throughout the neural tube and that Rho overstimulation causes rounding of NE cells and apical extrusion into the lumen (Kinoshita et al, 2008). These observations suggest that Rho GTPases are involved in cytoskeleton stabilization during epithelial morphogenesis (Van Aelst and Symons, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonic Hedgehog Regulates Integrin Activity, Cadherin Contacts, and Cell Polarity to Orchestrate Neural Tube Morphogenesis

Fournier-Thibault

Blavet²,

Jarov³

et al. 2009

J. Neurosci.

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In vertebrates, the embryonic nervous system is shaped and patterned by a series of temporally and spatially regulated cell divisions, cell specifications, and cell adhesions and movements. Morphogens of the Hedgehog, Wnt, and bone morphogenetic protein families have been shown to play a crucial role in the control of cell division and specification in the trunk neural tube, but their possible implication in the regulation of adhesive events has been poorly documented. In the present study, we demonstrate that Sonic hedgehog regulates neural epithelial cell adhesion and polarity through regulation of integrin activity, cadherin cell-cell contact, and cell polarity genes in immature neural epithelial cells before the specification of neuronal cells. We propose that Sonic hedgehog orchestrates neural tube morphogenesis by coordinating adhesive and motility events with cell proliferation and differentiation.

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“…In many vertebrate morphogenetic processes, Rok has been shown to act as an effector of the PCP pathway [40][41][42][43][44] . We therefore isolated and characterized the expression patterns of several genes encoding members of the PCP pathway in Platynereis.…”

Section: Cns Development Requires Rok-dependent Midline Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in neurectoderm architecture in Platynereis dumerilii

et al. 2013

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Signalling pathways are essential for the correct development of the central nervous system (CNS) in bilaterian animals. Here we show that in the CNS of the annelid Platynereis dumerilii, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are located close to the ventral midline and express axin, a negative regulator of the Wnt/b-catenin pathway. Using pharmacological inhibitors, we observe that Wnt/b-catenin is required for the transition between proliferating NPCs and differentiating neurons. We also show that the Rho-associated kinase (Rok) is necessary for neurectoderm morphogenesis and ventral midline formation, and indirectly affects the distribution of the NPCs and the development of axonal scaffolds. Moreover, seven genes belonging to the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway are expressed in the developing Platynereis neurectoderm, suggesting an involvement in its morphogenesis. When compared with previous studies in vertebrates, our data suggest that the involvement of the Wnt/b-catenin pathway in the control of neural cell proliferation/differentiation is ancestral to bilaterians.

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Apical Accumulation of Rho in the Neural Plate Is Important for Neural Plate Cell Shape Change and Neural Tube Formation

Cited by 102 publications

References 47 publications

Epithelial relaxation mediated by the myosin phosphatase regulator Mypt1 is required for brain ventricle lumen expansion and hindbrain morphogenesis

Epithelial relaxation mediated by the myosin phosphatase regulator Mypt1 is required for brain ventricle lumen expansion and hindbrain morphogenesis

Sonic Hedgehog Regulates Integrin Activity, Cadherin Contacts, and Cell Polarity to Orchestrate Neural Tube Morphogenesis

Involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in neurectoderm architecture in Platynereis dumerilii

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