Anxiolytic Effect of <i>Citrus aurantium</i> L. in Crack Users

Neto, Gabriel Chaves; Braga, João Euclides Fernandes; Alves, Mateus Feitosa; Pordeus, Liana Clébia de Morais; Santos, Sócrates Golzio dos; Scotti, Marcus Tullius; Almeida, Reinaldo Nóbrega de; Diniz, Margareth de Fátima Formiga Melo

doi:10.1155/2017/7217619

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In another study, C. aurantium essential oils were tested in patients participating in crack cocaine withdrawal. The Analog Smoke Scale (HAS) and the Trait-State Anxiety Inventory (IDATE) were used to assess the psychological measures [66]. Results showed that patients who nebulize C. aurantium essential oils were able to maintain controlled anxiety levels during the Simulated Public Speaking (SPS) method used to evoke anxiety as compared to the control group [66].…”

Section: Anxiolytic Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citrus aurantium L. Active Constituents, Biological Effects and Extraction Methods. An Updated Review

et al. 2021

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Citrus genus is a prominent staple crop globally. Long-term breeding and much hybridization engendered a myriad of species, each characterized by a specific metabolism generating different secondary metabolites. Citrus aurantium L., commonly recognized as sour or bitter orange, can exceptionally be distinguished from other Citrus species by unique characteristics. It is a fruit with distinctive flavor, rich in nutrients and phytochemicals which possess different health benefits. This paper presents an overview of the most recent studies done on the matter. It intends to provide an in-depth understanding of the biological activities and medicinal uses of active constituents existing in C. aurantium. Every plant part is first discussed separately with regards to its content in active constituents. All extraction methods, their concepts and yields, used to recover these valuable molecules from their original plant matrix are thoroughly reported.

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Section: Anxiolytic Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citrus aurantium L. Active Constituents, Biological Effects and Extraction Methods. An Updated Review

et al. 2021

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“…Authors' conclusions were that Citrus aurantium EO, administered by nebulization, produced anxiolytic effects in crack users in abstinence thus indicating the possibility of Citrus aurantium EO use as an alternative complementary therapy in the control of anxiety in users who are abandoning drugs abuse [56].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Pharmacology of Citrus aurantium and Citrus sinensis for the Treatment of Anxiety

Mannucci

Calapai

Cardia

et al. 2018

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective The aim of this review is to analyze preclinical and clinical studies investigating the anxiety effects of Citrus aurantium or Citrus sinensis essential oils (EOs). Design The bibliographic research was made on the major scientific databases. Analysis included only articles written in English and published on peer-reviewed scientific journals describing preclinical experiments and clinical trials carried out to investigate the antianxiety effects of Citrus aurantium or Citrus sinensis EOs on anxiety disorders. Clinical studies reporting the antianxiety effects of products containing Citrus aurantium or Citrus sinensis EOs in combination with other active substances, including medicinal plants, were excluded. Nine clinical studies fulfilled the criteria adopted for analysis. Results Data show that Citrus aurantium or Citrus sinensis EOs produce anxiolytic effects both in preclinical experiments and in different clinical conditions. Citrus aurantium EO aromatherapy reduced anxiety level in the great part of stress conditions studied (subjects affected by chronic myeloid leukemia and preoperative patients) except for a sample of patients subjected to colonoscopy. Exposition to Citrus sinensis EO in clinical studies shows to be positive in reducing anxiety level in patients waiting for dental treatment as well as in healthy volunteers submitted to an anxiogenic situation. Conclusions Overview of clinical trials conducted with Citrus aurantium or Citrus sinensis on people with anxiety showed that inhalation or oral administration of Citrus aurantium and inhalation of Citrus sinensis can exert beneficial effects on anxiety; however, because of incomplete accuracy in the reporting of methodology, further more complete clinical studies are warranted.

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“…Some previous studies have reported that smelling or massaging essential oils such as ylang-ylang, bitter orange, and lavender could reduce HR [ 33 ], and a pleasant smell could bring a decrease in HR [ 34 ]. The BP change was observed after a few essential oil interventions such as ylang-ylang and bitter orange oil that were thought to be sedative [ 19 , 20 ]. There was no significant difference in the change of HR, BP (both diastolic and systolic blood pressure), and blood oxygen saturation between the two groups before and after the n-back training stage without odor intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) are often considered to be related to anxiety. In many clinical studies of essential oils, these two indicators were positively correlated with anxiety [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Copaiba Oil Odor on Anxiety Relief in Adults under Mental Workload: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Zhang

Chen

Dong³

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Aromatherapy has been proved to be effective in alleviating anxiety in practices and research. Recently, copaiba oil (CPO) is popular in the market and is recommended for anxiety relief in aromatherapy practice. However, relevant scientific research is still lacking. Methods. A randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the anxiety-relieving effect of CPO inhalation in 22 adults. Jojoba oil was used as the control treatment. N-back and mental arithmetic tasks were used as stress stimulation. CPO or control intervention was carried out after the n-back training phase. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), EEG activities, physiological indexes including heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), blood oxygen saturation, and salivary cortisol were assessed in different phases of the experimental process. Results. There was no significant difference in the change of HR and BP between the CPO and control groups before odor intervention. The S-AI scores of the CPO treated participants decreased after the n-back and mental arithmetic tests and were significantly lower than those of the participants who received control treatments. The HR and salivary cortisol of participants who received CPO intervention significantly decreased during the n-back and mental arithmetic tests. Furthermore, a remarkable decrease of beta wave activity was observed in the left midfrontal region (F3) when the participant received the CPO intervention. Conclusion. The study’s findings supported that the CPO odor showed beneficial effects on alleviating anxiety based on several indicators in subjective, physiological, and EEG measurements.

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Anxiolytic Effect of Citrus aurantium L. in Crack Users

Cited by 15 publications

References 33 publications

Citrus aurantium L. Active Constituents, Biological Effects and Extraction Methods. An Updated Review

Citrus aurantium L. Active Constituents, Biological Effects and Extraction Methods. An Updated Review

Clinical Pharmacology of Citrus aurantium and Citrus sinensis for the Treatment of Anxiety

The Effect of Copaiba Oil Odor on Anxiety Relief in Adults under Mental Workload: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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