Antiquity of MicroRNAs and Their Targets in Land Plants

Axtell, Michael J.; Bartel, David P.

doi:10.1105/tpc.105.032185

Cited by 555 publications

(468 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The evolution and conservation of plant miRNAs has been the subject of significant investigation (Axtell and Bartel, 2005;Zhang et al, 2006a;Axtell and Bowman, 2008). In this study we have identified multiple highly conserved plant miRNAs in Aquilegia as well as miRNA families that have a more disjointed phylogenetic distribution.…”

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confidence: 73%

Identification of conserved Aquilegia coerulea microRNAs and their targets

Puzey

Kramer

2009

Gene

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Aquilegia is an emerging model organism that is phylogenetically intermediate between the core eudicot and monocot models Arabidopsis and Oryza. In this study, we have used a comparative genomics approach to identify 45 Aquilegia microRNAs that comprise 20 separate plant microRNA families. We have predicted 85 targets of these newly identified Aquilegia microRNAs, including transcription factors and loci involved in metabolism, stress responses, transport, and auxin signaling. microRNA families from 16 plant species and the newly identified microRNAs from Aquilegia were analyzed in a phylogenetic context revealing 40 distantly conserved microRNA families. In addition to these highly conserved plant microRNA families, several families with disjointed phylogenetic distribution were identified. This study provides a phylogenetically important dataset for plant microRNA evolution studies. The current study is the first to identify miRNAs in a lower eudicot in which comprehensive genomic resources are becoming available. 16 plant species and the newly identified microRNAs from Aquilegia were analyzed in a phylogenetic context revealing 40 distantly conserved microRNA families. In addition to these highly conserved plant microRNA families, several families with disjointed phylogenetic distribution were identified. This study provides a phylogenetically important dataset for plant microRNA evolution studies. The current study is the first to identify miRNAs in a lower eudicot in which comprehensive genomic resources are becoming available.

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confidence: 73%

Identification of conserved Aquilegia coerulea microRNAs and their targets

Puzey

Kramer

2009

Gene

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“…AP2-like genes containing putative miR172 target sites are conserved in eudicots, monocots and early land plants (Aukerman and Sakai 2003;Axtell and Bartel 2005). It is thus conceivable that transgenic expression of Arabidopsis miR172 and AP2 in heterologous angiosperm species would elicit similar developmental phenotypes as those previously uncovered in Arabidopsis (Aukerman and Sakai 2003;Chen 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Floral patterning defects induced by Arabidopsis APETALA2 and microRNA172 expression in Nicotiana benthamiana

et al. 2006

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Floral patterning and morphogenesis are controlled by many transcription factors including floral homeotic proteins, by which floral organ identity is determined. Recent studies have uncovered widespread regulation of transcription factors by microRNAs (miRNAs), ~21-nucleotide noncoding RNAs that regulate protein-coding RNAs through transcript cleavage and/or translational inhibition. The regulation of the floral homeotic gene APETALA2 (AP2) by miR172 is crucial for normal Arabidopsis flower development and is likely to be conserved across plant species. Here we probe the activity of the AP2/miR172 regulatory circuit in a heterologous Solanaceae species, Nicotiana benthamiana. We generated transgenic N. benthamiana lines expressing Arabidopsis wild type AP2 (35S∷AP2), miR172-resistant AP2 mutant (35S∷AP2m3) and MIR172a-1 (35S∷MIR172) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. 35S∷AP2m3 plants accumulated high levels of AP2 mRNA and protein and exhibited floral patterning defects that included proliferation of numerous petals, stamens and carpels indicating loss of floral determinacy. On the other hand, nearly all 35S∷AP2 plants accumulated barely detectable levels of AP2 mRNA or protein and were essentially non-phenotypic. Overall, the data indicated that expression of the wild type Arabidopsis AP2 transgene was repressed at the mRNA level by an endogenous N. benthamiana miR172 homologue that could be detected using Arabidopsis miR172 probe. Interestingly, 35S∷MIR172 plants had sepal-to-petal transformations and/or more sepals and petals, suggesting interference with N. benthamiana normal floral homeotic gene function in perianth organs. Our studies uncover the potential utility of the Arabidopsis AP2/miR172 system as a tool for manipulation of floral architecture and flowering time in non-model plants.

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“…Several families of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found in green plants ranging from algae, mosses, ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms (Floyd and Bowman, 2004;Arazi et al, 2005;Axtell and Bartel, 2005;Molnár et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2006;Zhao et al, 2007) suggesting that the regulation by miRNA is ancient in origin. At least 88 annotated miRNA families have been identified in the moss P. patens and 44 in the lycopod Selaginella moellendorffii (Axtell et al, 2007;Fattash et al, 2007).…”

Section: Bryophytes As An Ancient Lineage May Have Retained Many Novementioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal regulation in green plant lineage families

Johri

2008

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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The patterns of phytohormones distribution, their native function and possible origin of hormonal regulation across the green plant lineages (chlorophytes, charophytes, bryophytes and tracheophytes) are discussed. The five classical phytohormonesauxins, cytokinins, gibberellins (GA), abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene occur ubiquitously in green plants. They are produced as secondary metabolites by microorganisms. Some of the bacterial species use phytohormones to interact with the plant as a part of their colonization strategy. Phytohormone biosynthetic pathways in plants seem to be of microbial origin and furthermore, the origin of high affinity perception mechanism could have preceded the recruitment of a metabolite as a hormone. The bryophytes represent the earliest land plants which respond to the phytohormones with the exception of gibberellins. The regulation by auxin and ABA may have evolved before the separation of green algal lineage. Auxin enhances rhizoid and caulonemal differentiation while cytokinins enhance shoot bud formation in mosses. Ethylene retards cell division but seems to promote cell elongation. The presence of responses specific to cytokinins and ethylene strongly suggest the origin of their regulation in bryophytes. The hormonal role of GAs could have evolved in some of the ferns where antheridiogens (compounds related to GAs) and GAs themselves regulate the formation of antheridia.During migration of life forms to land, the tolerance to desiccation may have evolved and is now observed in some of the microorganisms, animals and plants. Besides plants, sequences coding for late embryogenesis abundant-like proteins occur in the genomes of other anhydrobiotic species of microorganisms and nematodes. ABA acts as a stress signal and increases rapidly upon desiccation or in response to some of the abiotic stresses in green plants. As the salt stress also increases ABA release in the culture medium of cyanobacterium Trichormus variabilis, the recruitment of ABA in the regulation of stress responses could have been derived from prokaryotes and present at the level of common ancestor of green plants. The overall hormonal action mechanisms in mosses are remarkably similar to that of the higher plants. As plants are thought to be monophyletic in origin, the existence of remarkably similar hormonal mechanisms in the mosses and higher plants, suggests that some of the basic elements of regulation cascade could have also evolved at the level of common ancestor of plants. The networking of various steps in a cascade or the crosstalk between different cascades is variable and reflects the dynamic interaction between a species and its specific environment.

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Antiquity of MicroRNAs and Their Targets in Land Plants

Cited by 555 publications

References 60 publications

Identification of conserved Aquilegia coerulea microRNAs and their targets

Identification of conserved Aquilegia coerulea microRNAs and their targets

Floral patterning defects induced by Arabidopsis APETALA2 and microRNA172 expression in Nicotiana benthamiana

Hormonal regulation in green plant lineage families

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