Antipsychotic reduction and/or cessation and antipsychotics as specific treatments for tardive dyskinesia

Early Onset of Tardive Dyskinesia in an Antipsychotic-Naive Patient Treated With Low-Dose Cariprazine

“…However, the existing data on the association between antipsychotic dose and TD manifestation are not entirely conclusive, with existing theories suggesting that TD might be suppressed or concealed in the short term after an increase in antipsychotic dosage, whereas it is believed to deteriorate in the short term after reducing and/or discontinuing antipsychotic medications. 19 It is also interesting that our patient's TD symptoms worsened after the initiation of escitalopram, which is somewhat in line with the existing literature on the role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the pathogenesis of TD. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors function by enhancing the inhibitory impact of serotonin on dopamine synthesis within the basal ganglia; this decrease in dopamine production by serotonin might play a role in the development of TD.…”

“…In our case, TD symptoms emerged when the patient was on a relatively low-dose cariprazine, and there was an improvement after reduction of the dose, a treatment strategy supported by current guidelines. However, the existing data on the association between antipsychotic dose and TD manifestation are not entirely conclusive, with existing theories suggesting that TD might be suppressed or concealed in the short term after an increase in antipsychotic dosage, whereas it is believed to deteriorate in the short term after reducing and/or discontinuing antipsychotic medications 19 . It is also interesting that our patient's TD symptoms worsened after the initiation of escitalopram, which is somewhat in line with the existing literature on the role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the pathogenesis of TD.…”

Early Onset of Tardive Dyskinesia in an Antipsychotic-Naive Patient Treated With Low-Dose Cariprazine

“…However, the existing data on the association between antipsychotic dose and TD manifestation are not entirely conclusive, with existing theories suggesting that TD might be suppressed or concealed in the short term after an increase in antipsychotic dosage, whereas it is believed to deteriorate in the short term after reducing and/or discontinuing antipsychotic medications. 19 It is also interesting that our patient's TD symptoms worsened after the initiation of escitalopram, which is somewhat in line with the existing literature on the role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the pathogenesis of TD. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors function by enhancing the inhibitory impact of serotonin on dopamine synthesis within the basal ganglia; this decrease in dopamine production by serotonin might play a role in the development of TD.…”

“…In our case, TD symptoms emerged when the patient was on a relatively low-dose cariprazine, and there was an improvement after reduction of the dose, a treatment strategy supported by current guidelines. However, the existing data on the association between antipsychotic dose and TD manifestation are not entirely conclusive, with existing theories suggesting that TD might be suppressed or concealed in the short term after an increase in antipsychotic dosage, whereas it is believed to deteriorate in the short term after reducing and/or discontinuing antipsychotic medications 19 . It is also interesting that our patient's TD symptoms worsened after the initiation of escitalopram, which is somewhat in line with the existing literature on the role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the pathogenesis of TD.…”

Development and validation of search filters to retrieve medication discontinuation articles in Medline and Embase

“…A total of 15 systematic reviews were finally included. Among these systematic reviews, three focused on discontinuation of antipsychotic medications (Bergman et al, 2018; Essali et al, 2019; Van Leeuwen et al, 2018), one on maintenance of antipsychotic medications (Ceraso et al, 2020), two on biologic medications (Boyapati et al, 2018; Verhoef et al, 2019), one on urate‐lowering medications (Beslon et al, 2018), one on proton pump inhibitors (Boghossian et al, 2017), one on anti‐epileptic medications (Ayuga Loro et al, 2020), one on anti‐hypertensive medications (Reeve et al, 2020), one on anti‐cholinergic medications (Salahudeen et al, 2014), one on cholinesterase inhibitors (O'Regan et al, 2015), and three on various medications (Iyer et al, 2008; Narayan & Nishtala, 2017; Thio et al, 2018). These systematic reviews had included 435 primary articles and excluded 572 primary articles.…”

The Novel Antipsychotic Lumateperone (Iti-007) in the Treatment of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review

“…Withdrawal dyskinesia might exhibit similarities to tardive dyskinesia upon evaluation and can occur in individuals who switch antipsychotic medications or cease long-term antipsychotic treatment [51].…”

Early Onset of Tardive Dyskinesia in an Antipsychotic-Naive Patient Treated With Low-Dose Cariprazine

“…However, the existing data on the association between antipsychotic dose and TD manifestation are not entirely conclusive, with existing theories suggesting that TD might be suppressed or concealed in the short term after an increase in antipsychotic dosage, whereas it is believed to deteriorate in the short term after reducing and/or discontinuing antipsychotic medications. 19 It is also interesting that our patient's TD symptoms worsened after the initiation of escitalopram, which is somewhat in line with the existing literature on the role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the pathogenesis of TD. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors function by enhancing the inhibitory impact of serotonin on dopamine synthesis within the basal ganglia; this decrease in dopamine production by serotonin might play a role in the development of TD.…”

“…In our case, TD symptoms emerged when the patient was on a relatively low-dose cariprazine, and there was an improvement after reduction of the dose, a treatment strategy supported by current guidelines. However, the existing data on the association between antipsychotic dose and TD manifestation are not entirely conclusive, with existing theories suggesting that TD might be suppressed or concealed in the short term after an increase in antipsychotic dosage, whereas it is believed to deteriorate in the short term after reducing and/or discontinuing antipsychotic medications 19 . It is also interesting that our patient's TD symptoms worsened after the initiation of escitalopram, which is somewhat in line with the existing literature on the role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the pathogenesis of TD.…”

Development and validation of search filters to retrieve medication discontinuation articles in Medline and Embase

“…A total of 15 systematic reviews were finally included. Among these systematic reviews, three focused on discontinuation of antipsychotic medications (Bergman et al, 2018; Essali et al, 2019; Van Leeuwen et al, 2018), one on maintenance of antipsychotic medications (Ceraso et al, 2020), two on biologic medications (Boyapati et al, 2018; Verhoef et al, 2019), one on urate‐lowering medications (Beslon et al, 2018), one on proton pump inhibitors (Boghossian et al, 2017), one on anti‐epileptic medications (Ayuga Loro et al, 2020), one on anti‐hypertensive medications (Reeve et al, 2020), one on anti‐cholinergic medications (Salahudeen et al, 2014), one on cholinesterase inhibitors (O'Regan et al, 2015), and three on various medications (Iyer et al, 2008; Narayan & Nishtala, 2017; Thio et al, 2018). These systematic reviews had included 435 primary articles and excluded 572 primary articles.…”

The Novel Antipsychotic Lumateperone (Iti-007) in the Treatment of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review

“…Withdrawal dyskinesia might exhibit similarities to tardive dyskinesia upon evaluation and can occur in individuals who switch antipsychotic medications or cease long-term antipsychotic treatment [51].…”

Early Onset of Tardive Dyskinesia in an Antipsychotic-Naive Patient Treated With Low-Dose Cariprazine

“…However, the existing data on the association between antipsychotic dose and TD manifestation are not entirely conclusive, with existing theories suggesting that TD might be suppressed or concealed in the short term after an increase in antipsychotic dosage, whereas it is believed to deteriorate in the short term after reducing and/or discontinuing antipsychotic medications. 19 It is also interesting that our patient's TD symptoms worsened after the initiation of escitalopram, which is somewhat in line with the existing literature on the role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the pathogenesis of TD. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors function by enhancing the inhibitory impact of serotonin on dopamine synthesis within the basal ganglia; this decrease in dopamine production by serotonin might play a role in the development of TD.…”

“…In our case, TD symptoms emerged when the patient was on a relatively low-dose cariprazine, and there was an improvement after reduction of the dose, a treatment strategy supported by current guidelines. However, the existing data on the association between antipsychotic dose and TD manifestation are not entirely conclusive, with existing theories suggesting that TD might be suppressed or concealed in the short term after an increase in antipsychotic dosage, whereas it is believed to deteriorate in the short term after reducing and/or discontinuing antipsychotic medications 19 . It is also interesting that our patient's TD symptoms worsened after the initiation of escitalopram, which is somewhat in line with the existing literature on the role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the pathogenesis of TD.…”

Development and validation of search filters to retrieve medication discontinuation articles in Medline and Embase

“…A total of 15 systematic reviews were finally included. Among these systematic reviews, three focused on discontinuation of antipsychotic medications (Bergman et al, 2018; Essali et al, 2019; Van Leeuwen et al, 2018), one on maintenance of antipsychotic medications (Ceraso et al, 2020), two on biologic medications (Boyapati et al, 2018; Verhoef et al, 2019), one on urate‐lowering medications (Beslon et al, 2018), one on proton pump inhibitors (Boghossian et al, 2017), one on anti‐epileptic medications (Ayuga Loro et al, 2020), one on anti‐hypertensive medications (Reeve et al, 2020), one on anti‐cholinergic medications (Salahudeen et al, 2014), one on cholinesterase inhibitors (O'Regan et al, 2015), and three on various medications (Iyer et al, 2008; Narayan & Nishtala, 2017; Thio et al, 2018). These systematic reviews had included 435 primary articles and excluded 572 primary articles.…”

The Novel Antipsychotic Lumateperone (Iti-007) in the Treatment of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review

“…Withdrawal dyskinesia might exhibit similarities to tardive dyskinesia upon evaluation and can occur in individuals who switch antipsychotic medications or cease long-term antipsychotic treatment [51].…”