Antiproliferative potential, quantitative structure-activity relationship, cheminformatic and molecular docking analysis of quinoline and benzofuran derivatives

Abstract

Quinoline and benzofuran moieties are commonly used for the synthesis of therapeutically beneficial molecules and drugs since they possess a wide range of pharmacological activities including potent anticancer activity as compared to other heterocyclic compounds. Many of well-known antimalarial, antimicrobial, anti-helminthic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiprotozoal, and antitumor compounds contain quinoline/benzofuran skeleton. The aim of this study was to analyze ten new quinoline and eighteen benzofuran derivatives for carcinoma cell line growth inhibition and to predict possible interactions with the target. The anticancer activity of these compounds against colon cancer (HCT-116) and triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-468) cell lines was determined and performed molecular docking to predict the possible interactions. Among ten quinoline derivatives, Q1, Q4, Q6, Q9, and Q10 were found to be the most potent against HCT-116 and MDA-MB-468 with IC50 values ranging from 6.2-99.6 and 2.7-23.6 μM, respectively. Using the IC50 values, a model equation with quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) was generated with their descriptors such as HBA1, HBA2, kappa (1, 2 and 3), Balaban index, Wiener index, number of rotatable bonds, log S, log P and total polar surface area (TPSA). The effect of benzofuran derivatives was moderate in cytotoxicity tests and hence only quinolines were considered for further analysis. The molecular docking indicated the mammalian / mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), Topoisomerase I and II as possible targets for these molecules. The predicted results obtained from QSAR and molecular docking analysis of quinoline derivatives showed high correlation in comparison to the results of the cytotoxic assay. Overall, this study indicated that quinolines are more potent as anticancer agents compared to benzofurans. Further, compound Q9 has emerged as a lead molecule which could be the base for further development of more potent anticancer agents.

Recent Advances of Quinoline‐Based Small Molecules as Kinase Inhibitors (2020–2024)

“…Furthermore, molecular docking studies that were reported showed that it formed two hydrogen bonds with Asp‐2357 and Lys‐2187 as shown in Figure 4B. [ 30 ]…”

“…A) Structure of compound 3 B) Illustration of binding of compound 3 with mTOR kinase (PDB code: 4JSV). [ 30 ] Hydrogen bonds are represented in green.…”

Recent Advances of Quinoline‐Based Small Molecules as Kinase Inhibitors (2020–2024)

“…Furthermore, molecular docking studies that were reported showed that it formed two hydrogen bonds with Asp‐2357 and Lys‐2187 as shown in Figure 4B. [ 30 ]…”

“…A) Structure of compound 3 B) Illustration of binding of compound 3 with mTOR kinase (PDB code: 4JSV). [ 30 ] Hydrogen bonds are represented in green.…”

Quinoline analogue as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease: ADMET prediction, molecular docking and dynamics simulation analysis

“…In this direction, a series of ten quinoline analogues were chosen to study their ADME properties using Schrodinger QikProp software and to compare their drug-likeness properties and medicinal chemistry friendliness with known drug molecules. Recently, we have shown that some of these derivatives are highly effective in inhibiting breast cancer and colorectal cancer cells in vitro [28]. In this study, we attempted to determine the efficacy of these quinoline analogues against five specific main proteases of SARS-CoV-2 (Figure 1).…”

Recent Advances of Quinoline‐Based Small Molecules as Kinase Inhibitors (2020–2024)

“…Furthermore, molecular docking studies that were reported showed that it formed two hydrogen bonds with Asp‐2357 and Lys‐2187 as shown in Figure 4B. [ 30 ]…”

“…A) Structure of compound 3 B) Illustration of binding of compound 3 with mTOR kinase (PDB code: 4JSV). [ 30 ] Hydrogen bonds are represented in green.…”

Quinoline analogue as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease: ADMET prediction, molecular docking and dynamics simulation analysis

“…In this direction, a series of ten quinoline analogues were chosen to study their ADME properties using Schrodinger QikProp software and to compare their drug-likeness properties and medicinal chemistry friendliness with known drug molecules. Recently, we have shown that some of these derivatives are highly effective in inhibiting breast cancer and colorectal cancer cells in vitro [28]. In this study, we attempted to determine the efficacy of these quinoline analogues against five specific main proteases of SARS-CoV-2 (Figure 1).…”

Recent Advances of Quinoline‐Based Small Molecules as Kinase Inhibitors (2020–2024)

“…Furthermore, molecular docking studies that were reported showed that it formed two hydrogen bonds with Asp‐2357 and Lys‐2187 as shown in Figure 4B. [ 30 ]…”

“…A) Structure of compound 3 B) Illustration of binding of compound 3 with mTOR kinase (PDB code: 4JSV). [ 30 ] Hydrogen bonds are represented in green.…”

Quinoline analogue as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease: ADMET prediction, molecular docking and dynamics simulation analysis

“…In this direction, a series of ten quinoline analogues were chosen to study their ADME properties using Schrodinger QikProp software and to compare their drug-likeness properties and medicinal chemistry friendliness with known drug molecules. Recently, we have shown that some of these derivatives are highly effective in inhibiting breast cancer and colorectal cancer cells in vitro [28]. In this study, we attempted to determine the efficacy of these quinoline analogues against five specific main proteases of SARS-CoV-2 (Figure 1).…”