Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil and extracts of fennel (<i>Foeniculum vulgare </i>Mill.) seeds from Pakistan

Anwar, Farooq; Ali, Muhammad Amjad; Hussain, Abdullah Ijaz; Shahid, Muhammad

doi:10.1002/ffj.1929

Cited by 209 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…1), the residue was re-extracted twice for complete extraction, and then, the combined extracts of every sample were evaporated at 45 °C, using a rotary vacuum evaporator (Rotavapor R-114 BÜCHI, Switzerland) and stored at -4 °C until use. [15] Animal grouping Sixty rats were divided into six groups (10 rats each) based on their body weight and treated daily for 28 consecutive days as follows. Group 1: rats were administered with normal saline by gastric intubation and served as control group; group 2: rats received CFME at a dose of 200 mg/kg (dissolved in normal saline) by gastric intubation; [18] group 3: rats received FSME at a dose of 200 mg/kg (dissolved in normal saline) by gastric intubation; [19] group 4: rats were orally administrated with AZA at a dose of 25 mg/kg (dissolved in normal saline) by gastric intubation; [20] group 5: rats were orally administrated with CFME at a dose of 200 mg/kg followed by AZA, after 15 min, at a dose of 25 mg/kg by gastric intubation; and group 6: rats were orally administrated with FSME at a dose of 200 mg/kg followed by AZA, after 15 min, at a dose of 25 mg/kg.…”

Section: Experimental Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14] The antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of fennel seed extracts and essential oil have been reported. [14,15] Fennel seeds methanolic extract contains (FSMEs) high amount of polyphenols, including flavonoids as a major component of polyphenols, gallic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol. [16] Trans-anethole, fenchone, estragole, 4-terpineol, sabinene, alpha-terpinene and monoterpene hydrocarbons (limonene) as the major compounds, were identified in the essential oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preventive role of chamomile flowers and fennel seeds extracts against liver injury and oxidative stress induced by an immunosuppressant drug in rats

Mannaa¹,

Ibrahim²,

Ibrahim³

et al. 2015

Hepatoma Res

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Aim: The present study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of chamomile fl owers methanolic extract (CFME) and fennel seeds methanolic extract (FSME) on azathioprine (AZA), an immunosuppressant drug, which induced a liver injury and oxidative stress in rats. Methods: Rats were divided into 6 groups (8 rats each) and treated orally for 28 consecutive days as follows. Group 1: rats were given normal saline and used as controls; group 2: rats treated with CFME (200 mg/kg); group 3: rats treated with FSME (200 mg/kg); group 4: rats treated with AZA (25 mg/kg); and groups 5 and 6: rats treated with CFME (200 mg/kg) or FSME (200 mg/kg) 15 min prior to AZA (25 mg/kg) treatment. At the end of experimental period, blood and liver samples were collected from all groups for biochemical analysis and histological examination. Results: The obtained data revealed that AZA-induced hepatic injury in the rats as evidenced by the signifi cant increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, and direct bilirubin as well as hepatic malondialdehyde level accompanied with signifi cant decrease in reduced glutathione content and total antioxidant capacity in the liver. Moreover, body weight gain showed the signifi cant decrease and relative liver weight showed the signifi cant increase on AZA treatment. The sequential signifi cant changes in biochemical parameters were accompanied by severe histological changes in the liver tissue, including hepatocytes disorganization with pyknotic nuclei, fatty degeneration, congestion, fi brosis, and bile duct necrosis around the portal tract. The areas of hemorrhages in blood vessels and in between hepatocytes were also seen. However, the results showed the potential hepatoprotective effects of CFME and FSME against AZA-induced liver injury and oxidative stress. They succeeded in restoring the biochemical parameters and improving the histological picture of the liver. This improvement was more pronounced in the rats pretreated with FSME. Conclusion: It could be concluded that CFME and FSME have hepatoprotective potentials against AZA probably due to their antioxidant properties and radical scavenging activity.Key words: Azathioprine; chamomile fl owers; fennel seeds; liver; oxidative stress Preventive role of chamomile fl owers and fennel seeds Preventive role of chamomile fl owers and fennel seeds extracts against liver injury and oxidative stress induced by an extracts against liver injury and oxidative stress induced by an immunosuppressant drug in rats immunosuppressant drug in rats This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

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Section: Experimental Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive role of chamomile flowers and fennel seeds extracts against liver injury and oxidative stress induced by an immunosuppressant drug in rats

Mannaa¹,

Ibrahim²,

Ibrahim³

et al. 2015

Hepatoma Res

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show abstract

“…Compounds were further identified using their MS data compared with those from the NIST02.L and WILEY7n.L mass spectral libraries and published mass spectra and, wherever possible, by coinjection with authentic standards (Mimica-Dukic et al, 2003;Vagionas et al, 2007;Anwar et al, 2009). …”

Section: Identification Of Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition, antioxidant and chemotherapeutic properties of the essential oils from two Origanum species growing in Pakistan

Hussain¹,

Anwar²,

Rasheed

et al. 2011

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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Abstract:The GC-MS analyses of Origanum majorana L. (OME) and Origanum vulgare L. (OVE), Lamiaceae, essential oils helped identification of 39 (96.4% of the total oils) and 43 (92.9% of the total oils) components, respectively. The major constituents of OME were terpinene-4-ol (20.9%), linalool (15.7%), linalyl-acetate (13.9%), limonene (13.4%) and α-terpineol (8.57%), whereas, thymol (21.6%), carvacrol (18.8%), o-cymene (13.5%) and α-terpineol (8.57%) were the main components of OVE. In the disc diffusion and the resazurin microtitre assays, OME showed better antibacterial activity than OVE with larger zones of inhibition (16.5-27.0 mm) and smaller MIC (40.9-1250.3 µg/mL) against the tested bacterial strains. Only OVE displayed anti-heme biocrystallization activity with an IC50 at 0.04 mg/mL. In the DPPH assay, OVE showed better radical-scavenging activity than OME (IC50=65.5 versus 89.2 µg/mL) and both OME and OVE inhibited lionleic acid oxidation. However, in the bleaching β-carotene assay, OVE exhibited better antioxidant activity than OME. In the MTT assay, OME was more cytotoxic than OVE against different cancer cell types, such as MCF-7, LNCaP and NIH-3T3, with IC50s of 70.0, 85.3 and 300.5 µg/mL, respectively. Overall, some components of OME and OVE may have antiparasitic and chemotherapeutic activity.

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“…Besides using it as spice in culinary art, it is also used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products 1 . The essential oil of fennel has a valuable antioxidant [2][3][4][5][6] , antimicrobial [4][5][6][7][8][9] , antispasmodic 10 , anticancerous [11][12][13] , antidiabetic 14 , antithrombotic 15 , hepatoprotective 16 , even memory enhancing 17 activity. The diuretic, anti-inflammatory 18 , analgesic 18 effects of fennel are well known for centuries in folk medicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Evaluation of Induced Macromutants in Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill.)

Paul¹,

Datta²

2017

Int. J. Res. Ayurveda Pharm.

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Macromutants namely, thick stem, slender stem, pigmented stem, dwarf, elongated pinnae, narrow pinnae and early flowering are screened at M2 generation (total plants screened -1575) following exposure of dry seeds (moisture content -9.3%) of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Family: Umbelliferae) to different doses/concentrations of γ-irradiations and EMS. Selfed lines of the mutants are evaluated in M6 generation in comparison to control considering eight phenotypic traits (plant height, number of primary branches/plant, total branches/plant, number of compound umbels/plant, number of umbels/plant, number of umbellets of first inflorescence, seed yield and harvest index). Statistical test (Duncan's test at 5% level of significance) reveal that thick stem mutant is a promising mutant for direct use; while, the rest may be exploited by efficient breeding.

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Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil and extracts of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) seeds from Pakistan

Cited by 209 publications

References 23 publications

Preventive role of chamomile flowers and fennel seeds extracts against liver injury and oxidative stress induced by an immunosuppressant drug in rats

Preventive role of chamomile flowers and fennel seeds extracts against liver injury and oxidative stress induced by an immunosuppressant drug in rats

Composition, antioxidant and chemotherapeutic properties of the essential oils from two Origanum species growing in Pakistan

Quantitative Evaluation of Induced Macromutants in Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill.)

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