Antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects of hydralazine on inducible NOS/COX-2 gene and protein expression in rat peritoneal macrophages

Leiro, J.; Álvarez, Ezequiel; Arranz, Juan A.; Cano, Ernesto; Orallo, Francisco

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2003.10.004

Cited by 54 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…With respect to hydralazine, there have been reports indicating it exhibits antioxidant properties beyond its well-recognized antihypertensive effect, including scavenger actions on peroxynitrite and oxygen radicals [39][40][41]. Although it can be argued that attenuation of oxidative stress by this peripheral vasodilator could have helped diminish the cerebral inflammation caused by hypertensive Ang II, some considerations reaffirm its main mechanism of action through blood pressure reduction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effect of angiotensin II and blood pressure on hippocampal inflammation in mice

Iulita

Vallerand

Beauvillier

et al. 2018

J Neuroinflammation

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Background: Angiotensin II (Ang II), a peptide hormone involved in the development of hypertension, causes systemic and cerebral inflammation, affecting brain regions important for blood pressure control. The cause-andeffect relationship between hypertension and inflammation is two-way, but the role of blood pressure in the induction of cerebral inflammation is less clear. The vulnerability of specific brain regions, particularly those important for memory, is also of interest. Methods: We used molecular biology approaches, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy to examine the interdependence between the hypertensive and pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II. We examined the effect of blood pressure by administering a subpressive (200 ng/kg/min) or a pressive Ang II dose (1000 or 1900 ng/kg/min) with and without hydralazine (150 mg/L) for 1 week and used phenylephrine to increase blood pressure independently of the renin-angiotensin system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effect of angiotensin II and blood pressure on hippocampal inflammation in mice

Iulita

Vallerand

Beauvillier

et al. 2018

J Neuroinflammation

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“…However, LPS in combination with PA led to a significant reduction in COX-2 protein expression. Although NO played an important role in the host defense against various pathogens, the overproduction of NO can be harmful and result in septic shock, rheumatoid arthritis, and autoimmune diseases (Leiro et al, 2004). Therefore, therapeutic agents that inhibition of iNOS may be useful for the relieving these inflammatory conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palmitic acid inhibits inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages

Lee¹,

Lee²,

Jeong³

et al. 2010

Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine

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SUMMARYPalmitic acid (PA) is one of free fatty acids, which is found from Gaultheria itoana Hayata and Sarcopyramis nepalensis. Although PA has a variety of pharmacological effects including mediates hypothalamic insulin resistance, induces IP-10 expression, and promote apoptotic activities, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of PA in mouse peritoneal macrophages remains unclear. In this study, we showed that PA exerted an anti-inflammatory action through suppression the production of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, cyclooxygenases-2 and nitric oxide in lipopolysaccaride-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages. Our study suggests an important molecular mechanism of PA, which might explain its beneficial effect in the regulation of inflammatory reactions.

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“…28) Therefore, therapeutic agents that inhibit the iNOS may be useful for the relieving these inflammatory conditions. In this study, GMGHT inhibited iNOS expression in dose dependent manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory Activity of Gumiganghwaltang through the Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-κB Activation in Peritoneal Macrophages

Kim

Jeong

Moon

et al. 2005

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Gumiganghwaltang (GMGHT) consists of 9 different herbs and is a Korean herbal prescription, which has been commonly used to treat a cold and inflammatory diseases in Korea. However, it is still unclear how it regulates the immune or inflammatory responses.Macrophage activation is known to play an important role in the inflammatory process 1,2) and produce potent proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, and interleukin (IL)-6 which induce inflammation and recruit other immune cells, e.g., neutrophils and T lymphocytes. 3)Although these proinflammatory cytokines are beneficial to the host defense, they can also trigger pathological conditions when expressed in excess.4) For example, massive stimulation of macrophages after a severe Gram-negative bacterial infection leads to excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines and the development of fatal septic shock syndrome, and multiple organ failure. 4,5) In addition, higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines are also implicated in a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and Crohn's disease. 4)Nitric oxide (NO) produced by the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) 6) isoform is an essential component of the host innate immune and inflammatory response to a variety of pathogens, such as intracellular bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. 7,8) Nevertheless, as for other components of the host inflammatory and immune response, excessive activation of iNOS results in cardiovascular 9) and organ dysfunction 6) in clinical 10) or experimental situations of inflammatory disease of both septic 11) and nonseptic 12) etiology. Cyclooxygenases (COX) produce various types of prostaglandins (PGs), which are implicated in various physiological events including progression of inflammation, immunomodulation, and transmission of pain.13) Two COX isoenzymes were identified: COX-1, the constitutive enzyme makes PGs that protect the stomach and kidney from damage and COX-2, the inducible enzyme induced by inflammatory stimuli such as cytokines produces PGs that contribute to the pain and swelling of inflammation. 14-16) We examined the effects of GMGHT on lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-induced cytokines (TNF-a and IL-6) production, COX-2, and iNOS protein expression from mouse peritoneal macrophages.Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) plays a critical role in the expression of many genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. [17][18][19] In unstimulated cells, Rel protein dimers, mainly p50 and p65 subunits, are sequestered in the cytoplasm in complex with one of the several inhibitors of NF-kB. The activation of NF-kB is the consequence of phosphorylation of two specific serines near the N terminus of Ik B-a and its degradation. The phosphorylation of IkB-a lead to the ubiquitination, resulting in the degradation, which targets the protein for degradation by the 26S proteasome and the translocation of NF-kB to the nucleus. 20)The present study was designed to investigate whether GMGHT could modulate expression of cytokin...

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Antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects of hydralazine on inducible NOS/COX-2 gene and protein expression in rat peritoneal macrophages

Cited by 54 publications

References 41 publications

Differential effect of angiotensin II and blood pressure on hippocampal inflammation in mice

Differential effect of angiotensin II and blood pressure on hippocampal inflammation in mice

Palmitic acid inhibits inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages

Anti-inflammatory Activity of Gumiganghwaltang through the Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-κB Activation in Peritoneal Macrophages

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Antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects of hydralazine on inducible NOS/COX-2 gene and protein expression in rat peritoneal macrophages

Cited by 54 publications

References 41 publications

Differential effect of angiotensin II and blood pressure on hippocampal inflammation in mice

Differential effect of angiotensin II and blood pressure on hippocampal inflammation in mice

Palmitic acid inhibits inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages

Anti-inflammatory Activity of Gumiganghwaltang through the Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-&kappa;B Activation in Peritoneal Macrophages

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Anti-inflammatory Activity of Gumiganghwaltang through the Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-κB Activation in Peritoneal Macrophages