Antimicrobial use in food‐producing animals: a rapid evidence assessment of stakeholder practices and beliefs

Hockenhull, Jo; Turner, Andrea; Reyher, Kristen K; Barrett, David C; Jones, Laura; Hinchliffe, Steve; Buller, Henry

doi:10.1136/vr.104304

Cited by 49 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In the 2000s the use of veterinary antimicrobials as growth promoters in the European Union was prohibited (European Parliament and European Council, 2003). However, antimicrobial drugs have continued to be used to counteract endemic or recurrent disease, often in prophylactic and group-medication modes (EFSA, 2011b;Hockenhull et al, 2017;Rhouma, Beaudry, Thériault, & Letellier, 2016). This can lead to poor or increasingly expensive disease control (such as with Brachyspira spp.…”

Section: Introduction Scope and Aims Of The Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance on Farms: A Review Including Biosecurity and the Potential Role of Disinfectants in Resistance Selection

Davies

Wales

2019

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

120

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Resistance to therapeutic antimicrobial agents is recognized as a growing problem for both human and veterinary medicine, and the need to address the issue in both of these linked domains is a current priority in public policy. Efforts to limit antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on farms have so far focused on control of the supply and use of antimicrobial drugs, plus husbandry measures to reduce infectious disease. In the United Kingdom and some other countries, substantial progress has been made recently against targets on agricultural antimicrobial drug use. However, evidence suggests that resistant pathogenic and commensal bacteria can persist and spread within and between premises despite declining or zero antimicrobial drug use. Reasons for this are likely complex and varied but may include: bacterial adaptations to ameliorate fitness costs associated with maintenance and replication of resistance genes and associated proteins, horizontal transmission of genetic resistance determinants between bacteria, physical transfer of bacteria via movement (of animals, workers, and equipment), ineffective cleaning and disinfection, and co‐selection of resistance to certain drugs by use of other antimicrobials, heavy metals, or biocides. Areas of particular concern for public health include extended‐spectrum cephalosporinases and fluoroquinolone resistance among Enterobacteriaceae, livestock‐associated methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and the emergence of transmissible colistin resistance. Aspects of biosecurity have repeatedly been identified as risk factors for the presence of AMR on farm premises, but there are large gaps in our understanding of the most important risk factors and the most effective interventions. The present review aims to summarize the present state of knowledge in this area, from a European perspective.

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Section: Introduction Scope and Aims Of The Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance on Farms: A Review Including Biosecurity and the Potential Role of Disinfectants in Resistance Selection

Davies

Wales

2019

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

120

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“…Significantly, different publics prioritised different risks. This variation of risk perceptions both between nations and between different social groups has been studied intensively by historians and sociologists and strongly impacted antibiotic use and policymaking (SmithHoward, 2010;Morris et al, 2016;Etienne et al, 2017;Hockenhull et al, 2017;Begemann et al, 2018): some countries decided to target antibiotic residues in food and milk, others decided to tackle agricultural AMR selection, and others decided to do nothing at all. Although it is beyond the scope of this paper to reconstruct national case studies in detail, varying risk perceptions, economic imperatives, and local patterns of use had given rise to a global patchwork of antibiotic regulations by the early 1970s.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharming animals: a global history of antibiotics in food production (1935–2017)

2018

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Since their advent during the 1930s, antibiotics have not only had a dramatic impact on human medicine, but also on food production. On farms, whaling and fishing fleets as well as in processing plants and aquaculture operations, antibiotics were used to treat and prevent disease, increase feed conversion, and preserve food. Their rapid diffusion into nearly all areas of food production and processing was initially viewed as a story of progress on both sides of the Iron Curtain. However, from the mid-1950s onwards, agricultural antibiotic use also triggered increasing conflicts about drug residues and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Significantly, antibiotic concerns did not develop evenly but instead gave rise to an international patchwork of different regulatory approaches. During a time of growing concerns about AMR and a post-antibiotic age, this article reconstructs the origins, global proliferation, and international regulation of agricultural antibiotics. It argues that policymakers need to remember the long history of regulatory failures that has resulted in current antibiotic infrastructures. For effective international stewardship to develop, it is necessary to address the economic dependencies, deep-rooted notions of development, and fragmented cultural understandings of risk, which all contribute to drive global antibiotic consumption and AMR.

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“…It is important to notice that there is a variation of risk perceptions both between nations and between different social groups has been studied and it is strongly impacted antibiotic use and policymaking [21,22], in which, some countries decided to target antibiotic residues in food and milk, others decided to tackle agricultural antimicrobial resistance selection, and others decided to do nothing at all [23].…”

Section: Use Of Antibiotics In Animal Production and Its Impact On Humentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Antibiotics in Animal Production and its Impact on Human Health

Oliveira¹,

Gonçalves²,

Lee³

et al. 2020

J Food Chem Nanotechnol

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Bacterial resistance is a natural phenomenon, however, accelerated by human kind due to the accentuated and indiscriminate use of antibiotic in human and animal health. The development of decontamination techniques and risk assessment of indiscriminate use are auxiliary tools for the control and prevention of "super bacteria", originated from antimicrobial resistance. This research aimed to verify which the most used antibiotics are in animal health, the described and known decontamination methods in the literature, besides the impact of antimicrobial resistance in humans. The results demonstrated the need to carry out activities that involve actions of national and international institutions along with NGOs in order to supervise and control effectively the use of antibiotics. In general, it was possibly to verify a necessity for guidance to the use of antibiotics by means of the diagnosis of diseases, being necessary that the prescription should be prescribed exclusively by a veterinarian and respecting the grace period of the medicine in order to avoid damages to human health.

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Antimicrobial use in food‐producing animals: a rapid evidence assessment of stakeholder practices and beliefs

Abstract: General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above.

Cited by 49 publications

References 51 publications

Antimicrobial Resistance on Farms: A Review Including Biosecurity and the Potential Role of Disinfectants in Resistance Selection

Antimicrobial Resistance on Farms: A Review Including Biosecurity and the Potential Role of Disinfectants in Resistance Selection

Pharming animals: a global history of antibiotics in food production (1935–2017)

Use of Antibiotics in Animal Production and its Impact on Human Health

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