Antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays administered to patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection to improve patient outcomes and to protect healthcare workers treating them

Burton, Martin J; Clarkson, Jan E; Goulão, Beatriz; Glenny, Anne‐Marie; McBain, Andrew J.; Schilder, Anne; Webster, Katie E; Worthington, Helen V

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013627

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Although mouth rinses containing chemical agents (povidone‐iodine, chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride, oxygen peroxide, essential oils, beta‐cyclodextrin and citrox) are currently used to control SARS‐CoV‐2 load before clinical procedures, scientific proof of their effectiveness is still lacking (Burton et al, 2020; Gottsauner et al, 2020; Herrera et al, 2020; Mendez & Villasanti, 2020; Moosavi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental biofilm of symptomatic COVID‐19 patients harbours SARS‐CoV‐2

Gomes

Fachin

Fonseca

et al. 2021

J Clinic Periodontology

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Aims SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA has been recovered from different sites in the human body, including the mouth. The present study aimed to investigate the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in the dental biofilm of symptomatic patients who tested positive in nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal (NASO/ORO) samples. Materials & Methods An observational clinical study of individuals with flu‐like symptoms was conducted between July and September 2020. Dental biofilm (BIO) samples were collected and analysed using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) to determine the virus's presence. Results Seventy participants (40 ± 9.8 years of age, 71.4% female) tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in NASO/ORO samples and were included in the study. Among them, 13 tested positive in BIO samples (18.6%; 95% CI: [9.5, 27.7]). The median and interquartile range of cycle quantification (Cq) for NASO/ORO and BIO samples were 15.9 [6.9] and 35.9 [4.0] (p = .001), respectively. BIO‐positive participants showed a higher virus load in NASO/ORO samples (p = .012) than those testing negative (Cq = 20.4 [6.1]). Conclusions Dental biofilms from symptomatic COVID‐19 patients harbour SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA and might be a potential reservoir with an essential role in COVID‐19 transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental biofilm of symptomatic COVID‐19 patients harbours SARS‐CoV‐2

Gomes

Fachin

Fonseca

et al. 2021

J Clinic Periodontology

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“…Imran et al 31 suggests that the use of PVP-I has its toxic effects depending on the dose and the contraindications should be evaluated before the prescription. In a review carried out by Burton et al 32 he showed concern about the studies on mouthwashes in progress and does not declare whether he will assess adverse effects or changes in the oral or nasal microbiota.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 - Mouthwash in dental clinical practice: review

Oliveira¹,

Almeida²,

Rodrigues³

et al. 2021

Arch Health Invest

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly infectious respiratory disease. Dental surgeons perform various procedures that generate aerosolization, leading to the dissipation of saliva and drops of blood. The indication during the COVID-19 pandemic in clinical practice is the use of mouthwashes to reduce the viral load of SARS-CoV-2. The present work brings the main rinses indicated in the literature to minimize the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical practice.

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“…However, there have been other papers with betadine products that demonstrate that there is no ciliotoxicity of PVP-I products [5,22]. There is also concern that PVP-I may have unknown effects on the microbial flora of the oral cavity [23]. PVP-I showed no deleterious effect on a representative nitrate-reducing species called Veillonella dispar in the oral cavity suggesting it may not have an effect on the normal oral microbial flora [24].…”

Section: Pvp-i (Betadine)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found 17 clinical trials that met our criteria. There is currently a systematic review being done by the Cochrane review of clinical trials for SARS-CoV-2 [23].…”

Section: Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Use of Nasal and Oral Antiseptics During a Global Pandemic

et al. 2021

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A review of nasal sprays and gargles with antiviral properties suggests that a number of commonly used antiseptics including povidone-iodine, Listerine®, iota-carrageenan and chlorhexidine should be studied in clinical trials to mitigate both the progression and transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Several of these antiseptics have demonstrated the ability to cut the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 by 3–4 log10 in 15–30 s in vitro. In addition, hypertonic saline targets viral replication by increasing hypochlorous acid inside the cell. A number of clinical trials are in process to study these interventions both for prevention of transmission, prophylaxis after exposure, and to diminish progression by reduction of viral load in the early stages of infection.

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Antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays administered to patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection to improve patient outcomes and to protect healthcare workers treating them

Abstract: H. V. (2020). Antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays administered to patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection to improve patient outcomes and to protect healthcare workers treating them.

Cited by 26 publications

References 17 publications

Dental biofilm of symptomatic COVID‐19 patients harbours SARS‐CoV‐2

Dental biofilm of symptomatic COVID‐19 patients harbours SARS‐CoV‐2

COVID-19 - Mouthwash in dental clinical practice: review

Review of the Use of Nasal and Oral Antiseptics During a Global Pandemic

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