Antimicrobial Activity of a Cationic Guanidine Compound against Two Pathogenic Oral Bacteria

Abstract

This study evaluated the potential antimicrobial properties of a polyguanidine (CatDex) on two oral bacteria. Chlorhexidine gluconate 1340 μmoL L−1 (CHX 0.12%) was used as control. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) were grown in BHI media. Bacterial sensitivity and antimicrobial activity were determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Kirby-Bauer methods. To study side effects, that is, toxicity, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were used. Fluorometric cytotoxicity and confocal microscopy assays were used in order to test cell viability. CatDex inhibited growth of S. mutans at all concentrations and growth of P. gingivalis at all concentrations except 25 μmoL L−1. The MIC of CatDex was 50 μmoL L−1 for both S. mutans and P. gingivalis. The inhibition of bacteria exposed for 8 h at 50 μmoL L−1 of CatDex exhibited increased antimicrobial activity over time, with 91% inhibition in both bacteria. The antimicrobial activities of CatDex and CHX were similar when tested on two common bacteria. CatDex was significantly less toxic to DPSCs. CatDex toxicity depended on time and not on concentration. With regard to clinical relevance, CatDex may have potential as a novel antimicrobial agent. Further studies are in progress.

Modified Nanodiamonds as a Means of Polymer Surface Functionalization. From Fouling Suppression to Biosensor Design

“…The observed effect of inhibition of biofouling in the case of DNDamine coating seems to have the same mechanism as that observed for polycationic polymers -guanidine derivatives, which are known antiseptic agents [42][43][44]. In the case of the latter, close contact of a substance with a high density of positively charged groups with cell walls…”

A combination therapy strategy for treating antibiotic resistant biofilm infection using a guanidinium derivative and nanoparticulate Ag(0) derived hybrid gel conjugate

“…AD-L@Ag(0) as a combination therapy: bactericidal, biolminhibitory, biolm-eradicatory Antibiotics that are highly active against Gram-negative bacteria are usually found to be less toxic to Gram-positive bacteria. 96 In this study, we have shown that the AD-L@Ag(0) gel has similar antibacterial and anti-biolm properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates. The zeta potential evaluated for Ag(0) in the AD-L@Ag(0) gel carries positive charge (+30.2 mV).…”

Disinfectants Used in Stomatology and SARS-CoV-2 Infection

“…Chlorhexidine is an organic compound derived from guanidine; it has bacteriostatic effects at low concentrations and bactericidal effects at high concentrations. 69 This compound is one of the most commonly used disinfectants in handwash preparations, oral gels and liquids, and vaginal preparations. Chlorhexidine is a bisbiguanide (two bound biguanides); hence, it is difficult to dissolve in water, but it easily dissolves in alcohols.…”