Antiinflammatory and antiinfective effect of caffeine in a mouse model of disseminated salmonellosis

Abstract

Caffeine has been reported for its antiinflammatory properties by stimulating phagocytosis. In this study, we investigated the antiinflammatory and antiinfective potential of caffeine in murine macrophage cell cultures and Swiss mice infected with virulent Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. Peritoneal macrophages (pMØ) were treated with caffeine on 96-well plates for 24 hr and then infected with Salmonella for 4 hr. In another experiment, the pMØ were first infected with the bacterium for 4 hr and then treated with caffeine for 24 hr. In addition, Swiss mice were inoculated, intraperitoneally, with S. typhimurium and then received caffeine intravenously. Control groups received phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or dexamethasone. We found that treatments with caffeine increased the macrophage cell viability and reduced the intracellular bacterial load. The administration of caffeine to Swiss mice reduced the infiltration of leukocytes into the peritoneal cavity after the bacterial challenge.Furthermore, the bacterial burdens in the peritoneal fluid, bloodstream, spleen, and liver were decreased by caffeine treatment. The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOs) were down-regulated after infection in caffeine-treated mice. We can conclude that caffeine has both antiinflammatory and antiinfective properties that can be useful for management of bacterial infections along with antibiotics.

Dose-effect of polystyrene microplastics on digestive toxicity in chickens (Gallus gallus): Multi-omics reveals critical role of gut-liver axis

“…Caffeine reduces intrahepatic lipid content by stimulating β-oxidation and autophagy-lysosomal pathways [70] . And in a mouse model of disseminated salmonellosis, caffeine also has anti-inflammatory and anti-infective effects [71] . Melanin has a strong ROS scavenging ability and can promote the polarization of macrophages for cardiac repair [72] .…”

Caffeine in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Cellular Assays, Animal Experiments, and Epidemiological Investigation

“…Additionally, the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase was found to be down-regulated in caffeine-treated mice after infection, suggesting that caffeine can be used in combination with antibiotics for treatment of bacterial infections. 64 New studies have found that prenatal exposure of 80 mg/kg caffeine can significantly reduce the average body weight of rat offspring before weaning, which may be related to the immune dysfunction in rats caused by excessive caffeine exposure; however, 100 mg/kg caffeine body weight does not cause neurobehavioral toxicity in adult mice. 65 The results suggest that excessive caffeine exposure may lead to immune dysfunction and intrauterine growth restriction retardation in pregnant women, and coffee consumption before and during pregnancy is not recommended.…”