Antigen-RNA interactions

Gottlieb, Allan; Schwartz, Ronald H.

doi:10.1016/0008-8749(72)90060-3

Cited by 28 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…These changes in turn alter their homing properties [6,108] and their ability to interact with other lymphoid cells (Rosenthal et al in [,127]) [115,116,117]. Stimulated macrophages or lymphocytes may release DNA or oligonucleotides [134,148], RNA complexed with antigen (a 'super-antigen') [21,72], or informational RNA [11], which stimulate other cells specifically or nonspecifically.…”

Section: Altered Cell Functionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Antigen is presented to T-lymphocytes via their specific surface receptors (IgT) and to B-cells via immunoglobulin receptors in the cell membrane [IgM, IgD, IgG, etc.]. 'Superantigens' consisting of an antigen fragment associated with macrophage RNA [21,72] are now regarded as laboratory artefacts [80,147]. For uptake on dendritic cells in follicles, however, both antibody and complement are essential [136,88] and the significant cell membrane receptors are probably the Fc and C3 receptors.…”

Section: Effective Modes Of Antigenic Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Adjuvants and immune regulation by lymphoid cells

Waksman

1979

Springer Semin Immunopathol

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The modern concept of the mode of action of adjuvants has evolved in exact relation to our understanding of the lymphoid organ system and the complexity of the immune response and its regulation. In the late 60's, attention remained focussed primarily on 'the antibody response' and on the physical attributes of adjuvants which enhanced this response. A major symposium published in 1967 [145] emphasized: the value of depot formation, with slow release of antigen and development of a local granuloma; the value of particles bearing antigenic determinants; the relative merits of water-in-oil emulsions, and the usefulness of metabolizable oils; the apparent importance of lipophilic or surface active materials as adjuvants; and the striking activity of cationic quarternary ammonium compounds with long alkyl side chains.Unquestionably the first insight into the selective or differential action of adjuvants on immune responses was Dienes' demonstration in the late 20's that simple protein antigens preferentially induce CMI (cell-mediated immunity, delayed hypersensitivity) when injected into a tuberculous focus [47]. This theme was continued in the early studies of Freund's adjuvant [60] and more recent studies of tubercle bacillus derivatives such as MDP (muramyl dipeptide) [25]. White, in the 1967 symposium, demonstrated that mycobacterial adjuvants which intensified the cell-mediated response also increased 72 antibody formation relative to 71 (in the guinea pig). We now know both of these to be intensely thymusdependent responses, and current research on MDP, for example, is focussed on the action of this compound directly on various subpopulations of T-lymphocytes in culture.

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Section: Altered Cell Functionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Effective Modes Of Antigenic Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Adjuvants and immune regulation by lymphoid cells

Waksman

1979

Springer Semin Immunopathol

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“…The relatively low amount of antiidiotypic abzymes against DNase II hydrolyzing DNA and RNA may be a consequence of low immunogenicity of DNase II active site comparing with other antigenic determinants of this nuclease. Antibodies against DNA and RNA complexes with proteins and other antinuclear components were found in the blood sera of patients with several multisystem connective tissue diseases including SLE [58]. Interestingly, abzymes agains DNA and RNA bound with proteins are usually significantly more active in the hydrolysis of these substrates than antiidiotypic Abzs against enzyme active centres [17-22, 49, 50, 55-57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Antibodies in Norm and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Nevinsky¹

2017

Lupus

321

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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is known as a systemic polyethiologic diffuse autoimmune disease characterized by connective tissue disorganization and the paramount damage of skin and visceral capillaries. Usually, SLE symptoms include high fever, hair loss, mouth ulcers, chest pain, swollen lymph nodes, painful and swollen joints, increased fatigue, and appearance of red rash more often on the face. The exact reason of SLE appearance is not really clear. Detection of catalytic Abs (abzymes) was shown to be the earliest indicator of different AI disease development. Some abzymes are cytotoxic and can play a dangerous negative role in the pathogenesis of AI diseases. SLE is characterized by the appearance of abzymes with several different catalytic functions including hydrolysis of peptides and proteins, DNA, RNA, and oligosaccharides. In addition, monoclonal SLE abzymes are characterized by extraordinary diversity in the affinity to the substrates, physicochemical and catalytic characteristics, optimal conditions of catalysis, cytotoxicity, etc. Production of abzymes in SLE mice is associated with changes in the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells of bone marrow, increase in lymphocyte proliferation, and significant suppression of cell apoptosis in different organs. In this chapter, abzymes with different catalytic activities in SLE are described.

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“…of the above-normal antibody levels resulting following in vitro addition of antigen to peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) 3 isolated from uninjected mice and transfer of the washed cells or an RNA-rich extract into syngeneic mice has aroused controversy with regard to whether attachment of antigen to a unique macrophage RNA is a necessary prerequisite to antibody formation ( 1,2). Irrespective of the interpretation, however, there is no question that this procedure results in an excellent adjuvant action by the transferred PEC, and the fact that RNA-rich materials can be extracted from such cells and have been shown to confer immunogenicity on otherwise unresponsive hosts (3)(4)(5) is worthy of mechanistic definition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the cellular site of action of macrophage RNA-antigen complexes

White

Johnson

1976

Cellular Immunology

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Nonadherent spleen cell populations exposed in vitro to ribonucleic acid-rich preparations from mouse macrophages that had been incubated with human y-globulin (RNA: HGG) were able to produce specific antibody, as measured by rosette-forming cells, in lethally irradiated (800 R), reconstituted, syngeneic mice. Exposure of the RNA to anti-HGG serum abrogated its ability to initiate antibody synthesis, as did monospecific anti-human y chain and anti-human K chain serum. Normal rabbit serum, anti-bovine albumin serum, anti-human c chain or anti-human x chain serum, when substituted for anti-HGG serum had no effect. Thus, the presence of both y heavy chains and K light chains of the antigen in the RNA moiety was indicated. Although both an adherent and a nonadherent cell were required by HGG to stimulate rosetteforming cells in irradiated mice, the need for the adherent cell was eliminated when RNA: HGG was substituted for HGG. In addition, anti-o-treated bone marrow cells exposed to the RNA: HGG were capable of rosette-cell formation, suggesting that RNA attachment converted a T cell-dependent antigen to a T cell-independent antigen.

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Antigen-RNA interactions

Cited by 28 publications

References 65 publications

Adjuvants and immune regulation by lymphoid cells

Adjuvants and immune regulation by lymphoid cells

Catalytic Antibodies in Norm and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Studies on the cellular site of action of macrophage RNA-antigen complexes

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