Antifungal Efficacy of Plant Extracts and Chemicals against Alternaria Leaf Spot Disease of Spinach

Abstract

S pinach is one of the most important crops among all vegetables that belongs to family Chenopodiaceae. It is well known due to its taste and presence of essential elements like magnesium, iron, calcium, manganese, folic acid and Vitamins (A, B, C, and E) (Tewani et al., 2016) Spinach play a crucial role in food and medicine industries. It is used as curing agent against constipation, dyspepsia, anemia, neuritis, obesity, bronchitis and high blood pressure (Kumar et al., 2013;Bassey and Khan, 2015) Spinach crop is susceptible to various bacterial, fungal and viral diseases. Among all fungal diseases Alternaria leaf spot is a potential extortion to the Abstract | To check the efficacy of fungicides and plant extracts against leaf spot disease of spinach caused by Alternaria alternata five plant extracts and five fungicides were evaluated under in vitro and field conditions by using complete randomized design (CRD) and randomized complete block design (RCBD). In plant extracts moringa (Moringa oleifera) showed minimum fungal growth (20.790) mm followed by ginger (Zingiber officinale) (25.910), garlic (Allium sativum) (28.087), neem (Azadirachta indica) (29.010) and aloevera (Aloe barbadensis miller) (29.538) mm as compared to control plates, while in chemicals Tilt showed minimum fungal growth (7.982) followed by Score (10.865), Antracol (11.395), Radomil Gold (11.965) and Blue Copper (14.390) mm as compared to control. In the greenhouse, the most effective fungicide and plant extract were applied as tilt and moringa alone and their combination. The plants treated with tilt + moringa was found effective as compared to alone applications. tilt + moringa showed minimum disease incidence (15%) followed by Tilt (18.33%) and moringa (32.33%) as compared to control. While under the field conditions same combination of Tilt + moringa expressed minimum disease incidence (18%) followed by tilt (20.83%) and moringa (34.50%). By these findings it is recommended to farmers that, Alternaria leaf spot disease of spinach can be managed by using tilt fungicide and moringa extract.

Evaluation of Antifungal Potential of Phytoextracts and Chemicals against Root Rot of Soybean caused by Rhizoctonia solani

“…The chemical was more effective than the plant extract in greenhouse conditions. The effect of combination treatments of plant extract along with chemicals has been already reported by Kachelo et al (2022) andAtiq et al (2018) on different fungal pathogens. In the past 30 years, research on oilseed crop diseases has grown significantly, particularly in an effort to lessen losses caused by various factors such as crop diseases (Chattopadhyay et al, 2015).…”

Synthetic fungicides for controlling brown leaf spot of rice caused by Bipolaris oryzae

“…All recommended agronomical practices were followed to ensure a healthy crop. The plants were artificially inoculated with spore suspension previously prepared by using pure mycelial culture [28]. The pots were categorized in three different groups, the first group was treated with fungicide after ensuring that the crop was well-established, and two days later it was artificially inoculated with spore suspension using a hand sprayer.…”