Antidiabetic and anti-oxidant activities of the methanol leaf extract of <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> in alloxan-induced diabetes in Wistar rats

Abstract

The methanolic leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina (MLVA) was assessed to evaluate its antidiabetic potential in rats. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by the administration of alloxan monohydrate at 100 mg/kg of body weight. After 48 h, rats with fasting blood glucose levels of 200 mg/dL and above were considered diabetic and used for the study. The experimental animals were grouped into five groups (A–E) of 10 animals each. Group A rats were non-diabetic normal control, Group B consisted of diabetic control rats that received no treatment, groups C, D and E rats were diabetic rats but treated with glibenclamide, 200 and 400 mg/kg doses of MLVA respectively. Blood samples were collected at days 14 and 28 after induction for haematological and serum biochemical indices such as triglycerides, LDL, cholesterols etc. The intestine was collected and intestinal homogenate was prepared for the antioxidant studies. The extract at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg doses significantly (p &lt; 0.05) reduced blood glucose levels in extract-treated diabetic rats and also significantly increased weight gain in these rats. Most haematological parameters in treated rats experienced, while platelets and neutrophils were decreased. Biochemical indices measured were reduced in MLVA-treated groups compared with diabetic control. Treatment with MLVA also produced significant (p &lt; 0.05) decrease in markers of oxidative stress but increased levels of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidant markers in intestinal homogenates of treated groups compared with diabetic control. This study showed that V. amygdalina has antihyperglycaemic and in vivo antioxidant effects.

Toxicological Evaluation and Possible Reversal of Diabetic Toxicological Complications by PHF5 an Antidiabetic Herbal Formula in Wistar Albino Rats

“…The PHF5 was able to reverse the impact of the alloxaninduced damage to renal function by lowering the concentrations of BUN and creatinine to near normal levels. This could be attributed to the nephro-protective properties that have been reported of the different plant herbs used in preparation of the PHF5 [19][20][21][22]. Histological examination of tissues concurred with the result of the biochemical analysis and further strengthen the suggested properties of the extract to ameliorate diabetic toxicity in different organs of the body.…”

An endophytic Schizophyllum commune Fr. exhibits in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

“…Another clinical feature of diabetes mellitus is body weight loss, due to tissue wasting caused by poor glycemic control which results in increased protein and fat metabolism in diabetic rats (Adeoye et al 2017 ). A significant increase in the body weight of diabetic rats treated with fungal extract was recorded at the end of the experimental period.…”

Phytochemical screening and biological activities of pakoba (Syzygium luzonense) stem bark ethanol extract

“…Feeding and drinking water were provided adlibitum with reference to standard feed. Except for the regular control group, the other group was given an injection of alloxan monohydrate according to Adeoye et al (2017) with a slight modification (120 mg/kgbw, dissolved in 0.2 mL NaCl) intraperitoneally (i.p). Blood sugar measurement was performed using a glucometer (Roche, CH) three days after alloxan is injected.…”