Anticancer activity of Cynodon dactylon L. root extract against diethyl nitrosamine induced hepatic carcinoma

Abstract

Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common cancers and a lethal disease. In view of the limited treatment and a grave prognosis of liver cancer, preventive control has been emphasized.Materials and Methods:The methanolic extract of roots of Cynodon dactylon was screened for its hepato-protective activity in diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) induced liver cancer in Swiss albino mice. The plant extract at a dose of 50 mg/kg was administered orally once a week, up to 30 days after DEN administration. The animals were sacrificed; blood sample and liver tissue were collected and used for enzyme assay such as, asparatate amino transferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). The liver marker enzymes AST and ALT produced significant results in the protective action.Results:The antioxidant enzyme assay results concerning the improved activity of GPx, GST and CAT. These results concluded that enhanced levels of antioxidant enzyme and reduced amount of serum amino transaminase, which are suggested to be the major mechanisms of C. dactylon root extract in protecting the mice from hepatocarcinoma induced by DEN. These biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathological examination of liver sections.Conclusion:The methanolic extract of C. dactylon possesses significant anticancer properties

Melatonin Activates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis in Rats with Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis

“…Administration of melatonin to DEN-treated animals indicated that the indole was able to reduce hepatocarcinogenic features in HCC-bearing rats, because it ameliorated histology, and reduced changes in serum enzymes and in the expression of GST-P, a protein considered a marker of hepatocarcinogenesis[ 36 ]. These findings are in accordance with results by different authors that also used DEN as a HCC promoter and tested effects of melatonin or other antioxidants, such as resveratrol, maotai or daffron, in rats [ 24 , 37 – 40 ] and mice [ 41 ]. Melatonin also prevented DNA damage in DEN-treated animasl, probably due to its capacity to regulate several key genes involved in DNA repairing pathways, such as CEP152 and N4BP2L2 [ 42 ].…”

5H-benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazolines ameliorate NDEA-induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis in rats through IL-6 downregulation along with oxidative and metabolic stress reduction

“…Moreover, various enzymes, such as ALT, AST, LDH and CK are notably increased in human serum with liver metastases of HCC. 51 Similar observations were noted in NDEA-exposed rats and the levels were brought down to normalcy with 5-FU, 4A and 6A drug treatments; predominantly, the impact of 4A is comparable to standard 5-FU.…”

Experimental Hepatic Carcinogenesis: Oxidative Stress and Natural Antioxidants

“…DEN and 2-AAF are the chemicals that cause tumours to form in the biological system. [ 23 - 24 - 25 ]. Co-administration of DEN and 2-AAF initiates hepatocarcinogenesis in rodents and causes preneoplastic initiation in hepatocytes.…”