Antibacterial effects of silver diamine fluoride on multi-species cariogenic biofilm on caries

Abstract

BackgroundsSilver diamine fluoride (SDF) has clinical success in arresting dentin caries, this study aimed to investigate its mechanism of action.MethodsUsing a computer-controlled artificial mouth, we studied the effect of 38% SDF on cariogenic biofilms and dentin carious lesions. We used five common cariogenic bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Actinomyces naeslundii) to form a cariogenic biofilm that generated carious lesions with a depth of approximately 70 um on human dentin blocks. We applied 38% SDF to the lesions in the test group and water to those in the control group. The blocks were incubated in the artificial mouth for 21 days before evaluation. Microbial kinetics, architecture, viability and distribution were evaluated every 7 days using colony forming unit (CFU), scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The physical properties of the carious lesions were evaluated with microhardness testing, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR).ResultsThe CFU results revealed fewer colony forming units in the test group compared with the control group (p < 0.01). Scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy showed less bacterial growth in the test group, and confluent cariogenic biofilm in the control group (p < 0.01). The microhardness and weight percentages of calcium and phosphorus in the test group from the outermost 50mum were higher than in the control group (p < 0.05). EDS showed that calcium and phosphous were higher in outer 50 mum in test groups than in the control FTIR revealed less exposed collagen I in the test lesions compared with the control group (p < 0.01).Conclusions38% SDF inhibits multi-species cariogenic biofilm formation on dentin carious lesions and reduces the demineralization process.

Oral Lactobacilli and Dental Caries

“…If fluoride resistance applies to all the Lactobacillus species associated with dental caries, it may be that fluoride therapy could promote dominance of lactobacilli in lesions over other F -sensitive microbes such as S. mutans. Lactobacilli have been shown to be sensitive to high concentrations of fluoride, however, in a mixed-species cariogenic biofilm (Mei et al 2013).…”

Effects of zinc fluoride on inhibiting dentin demineralization and collagen degradation <i>in vitro</i>: A comparison of various topical fluoride agents

“…Among treatments of NaF, acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF), and silver diamine fluoride (SDF), SDF was the most effective 3,4) . It is unique in terms of anti-bacterial [5][6][7] and anti-enzymatic effects 8) with silver ions (Ag + ) in addition to the demineralization inhibition. These higher efficacies of SDF would be attributed to high concentrations of Ag (25.5%) and fluoride (44,880 ppm), leading to the acquisition of these ions on and into the dentin tissue 9) .…”

Di̇ş Heki̇mli̇ği̇nde Kullanilan Remi̇nerali̇zasyon Ajanlari Ve Çürük Önleyi̇ci̇ Ajanlar

“…[14][15][16] Zhi ve arkadaşlarının 15 17,18 Bu çalışmalar göstermiştir ki, gümüş iyonu antibakteriyel oluşu, demineralizasyonun önlenmesi ve remineralizasyonun sağlanması gibi olumlu özellikleri nedeniyle çürük önleyici ve remineralizasyon sağlayan materyaller içerisinde tercih edilebilir niteliktedir. Ancak dişler üzerinde renklenmeye sebep olma özelliği, kullanımını kısıtlayan bir faktör olarak ön plana çıkmaktadır.…”