Antiatherogenic potential of red wine: clinician update

Abstract

Complications of atherosclerosis remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. Epidemiological studies have repeatedly demonstrated that moderate alcohol intake has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this review is to examine the epidemiological and biological evidence supporting the intake of red wine as a means of reducing atherosclerosis. On the basis of epidemiological studies, moderate intake of alcoholic beverages, including red wine, reduces the risk of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular disease in populations. In addition to the favorable biological effects of alcohol on the lipid profile, on hemostatic factors, and in reducing insulin resistance, the phenolic compounds in red wine appear to interfere with the molecular processes underlying the initiation, progression, and rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. Whether red wine is more beneficial than other types of alcohol remains unclear. Definitive data from a large-scale, randomized clinical end-point trial of red wine intake would be required before physicians can advise patients to use wine as part of preventative or medical therapies.

Comparação Do Teor De Fenólicos Totais E Da Ação Antioxidante De Sucos Industrializados De Uva E De Vinhos Tinto

“…Uma das ferramentas que se dispõe para avaliar in vitro essa propriedade biológica protetora é a medida da atividade antioxidante dessas bebidas. Em geral, propriedades anticarcinogênicas, antiinflamatórias e antimicrobianas estão relacionadas à capacidade que os compostos fenólicos apresentam em eliminar radicais livres, o que, por sua vez, evita, em certo grau, a oxidação de lipoproteinas, como o LDL (low density lipoprotein), agindo, assim, na prevenção de doenças vasculares (PEARSON et al, 1999;MARTÍNEZ-FLÓREZ et al, 2002;SZMITKO;VERMA, 2005).…”

Efeito do vinho tinto associado ao exercício físico no sistema cardiovascular de ratos espontaneamente hipertensos

“…When the effect of consumption of this substance is analyzed in an acute manner, moderate doses provide BP decrease in SHR 27 . When red wine is consumed, regardless of the presence or absence of alcohol, poliphenols play a cardioprotective role, since they have an antioxidant action on LDL-cholesterol 11,14,15 and inhibit proinflammatory proteins 16 . Studies using alcohol-free red wine compounds showed that in hypercholesterolemic rabbits 28 and rats 29 , the phenolic compound had an antithrombotic role as a result of platelet aggregation inhibition.…”

“…Moderate consumption of some types of alcoholic beverages, including red wine (one to two daily doses), shows an inverse association with the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) 10,11 . In a meta-analysis 12 which involved 13 studies, the benefits of red wine have incorporated more support because it was shown 32% reduction in the development of atherosclerotic disease in wine consumers.…”

“…In a meta-analysis 12 which involved 13 studies, the benefits of red wine have incorporated more support because it was shown 32% reduction in the development of atherosclerotic disease in wine consumers. Poliphenols found in red wine may help maintaining the health of blood vessels 11 .…”

Resveratrol and the Pharmacology of Aging: A New Vertebrate Model to Validate an Old Molecule

“…Resveratol has been repeatedly invoked to explain the so-called French Paradox, i.e., the lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases in the French population despite a diet very reach in saturated fats, 27 and to be related to all the subsequent epidemiological studies which correlated moderate consumption of red wine with reduced risk for a series of diseases. 27,28 In laboratory studies, this polyphenol has been shown to have many beneficial actions in mammals, such as anticancer, 29,30 anti-atherogenetic, 28,31,32 anti-inflammatory, 33 estrogenic, it inhibits platelet aggregation in vivo and in vitro, 34,35 is antioxidant and chemopreventive, 36 as it was also shown to inhibit cytochrome P450 enzymes in human cells, 37,38,39 which plays a very important action in the conversion of pro-carcinogens into carcinogens. One of resveratrol's much studied property is its protective action on ischemic damage in the brain, 40 kidney 41 and hearth.…”