Antiarrhythmic Effects of Vasostatin‐1 in a Canine Model of Atrial Fibrillation

Stavrakis, Stavros; Scherlag, Benjamin J.; Fan, Yujiang; Liu, Yu; Liu, Qiming; Mao, Jun; Cai, Heng; Lazzara, Ralph; Po, Sunny S.

doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2012.02317.x

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The discrepancies in the results among these studies can to some extent be explained by the stimulation protocol, the stimulation intensity and frequency, the following time, and the small number of patients involved in these studies. It is important to mention that recent experimental evidence has indicated that different levels of parasympathetic stimulation release different neurotransmitters, which affect cardiac pathologies [21][22][23]. For example, Stavrakis et al [21,22] have shown that lowlevel VNS, well below that which slows the heart rate, that is, via acetylcholine release, suppresses AF associated with the anti-adrenergic action of vasostatin-1 and the nitric oxide signaling pathway.…”

Section: Es-pns and Hfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to mention that recent experimental evidence has indicated that different levels of parasympathetic stimulation release different neurotransmitters, which affect cardiac pathologies [21][22][23]. For example, Stavrakis et al [21,22] have shown that lowlevel VNS, well below that which slows the heart rate, that is, via acetylcholine release, suppresses AF associated with the anti-adrenergic action of vasostatin-1 and the nitric oxide signaling pathway. Others have shown that vaso-intestinal peptide, co-released with acetylcholine, can influence the propensity for AF [23].…”

Section: Es-pns and Hfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, a series of experimental studies indicate that either unilateral or bilateral cervical low-level VNS can induce prevention and reversal of atrial electrophysiological remodeling and autonomic remodeling induced by rapid atrial pacing as well as inhibition of AF inducibility [33][34][35]. The anti-arrhythmic role of low-level VNS is shown to be associated with its anticholinergic and anti-adrenergic effects, which may be mediated by vasostatin-1 and nitric oxide [21,22].Although low-level VNS is shown to be a promising treatment of AF, cervical VNS is an invasive approach in which cervical surgery is needed to position vagal stimulation electrode. Besides, VNS may cause some adverse effects such as cough, voice alteration, dyspnea, pain, paresthesia, and headache [36].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Autonomic Modulation by Electrical Stimulation of the Parasympathetic Nervous System: An Emerging Intervention for Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2016

Cardiovascular Therapeutics

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SUMMARYThe cardiac autonomic nervous system has been known to play an important role in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Autonomic modulation by electrical stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system, which increases the parasympathetic activity and suppresses the sympathetic activity, is emerging as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Here, we review the recent literature on autonomic modulation by electrical stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system, including vagus nerve stimulation, transcutaneous auricular vagal stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, and ganglionated plexi stimulation, in the treatment of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular arrhythmias.The cardiac autonomic nervous system, consisting of the sympathetic and the parasympathetic components, has been shown to play an important role in many cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular arrhythmias [1][2][3][4]. An increased sympathetic nerve activity and a reduction of vagal cardiac tone are shown to be pathogenic in most of these conditions. In light of the autonomic imbalance involved in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, therapeutic interventions are focused on the inhibition of the sympathetic activation such as the use of b-receptor blockers, cardiac sympathetic denervation, and renal sympathetic denervation, and the increase of the parasympathetic activity such as vagus nerve stimulation. During the last decades, dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system in cardiovascular diseases has received considerable attention and interventions aiming at autonomic rebalance are emerging as new therapeutic options for the management of cardiovascular diseases. Autonomic modulation by electrical stimulation of the autonomic nervous system has been used clinically in patients with intractable angina pectoris [5][6][7], epilepsy [8], and depression [9,10]. Here, we review the experimental studies and clinical trials that are focused on autonomic modulation by electrical stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system (ES-PNS), including vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), transcutaneous auricular vagal stimulation (tragus stimulation, TS), spinal cord stimulation (SCS), and ganglionated plexi stimulation (GPS), in the treatment of heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation (AF), and ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). ES-PNS and HFSympathetic activation and parasympathetic withdrawal are the characteristics of autonomic imbalance in HF [2,11,12] [19], the ANTHEM-HF Trial, in which either left or right VNS was performed using an open-loop stimulation system. However, another randomized controlled trial, the NECTAR-HF trial [20], in which 96 symptomatic HF patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive VNS or control for a 6-month period, showed that VNS failed to significantly improve the primary and secondary endpoint measures of cardiac remodeling and functional capacity, even though quality-...

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Section: Es-pns and Hfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Es-pns and Hfmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autonomic Modulation by Electrical Stimulation of the Parasympathetic Nervous System: An Emerging Intervention for Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2016

Cardiovascular Therapeutics

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“…Indeed, further studies in our experimental model of induced AF, showed that vasostatin-1 suppressed AF by inhibiting GP hyperactivity by an anti-autonomic action mediated by nitric oxide [93].…”

Section: Additional Supporting Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Aging and magnetism: Presenting a possible new holistic paradigm for ameliorating the aging process and the effects thereof, through externally applied physiologic PicoTesla magnetic fields

Jacobson¹,

Sherlag

2015

Medical Hypotheses

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“…Indeed, further studies in the experimental model of induced AF, showed that vasostatin-1 suppressed AF by inhibiting GP hyperactivity by an anti-autonomic action mediated by nitric oxide [86,87].…”

Section: Review Of Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantum theory of disease, including cancer and aging

Jacobson¹

2016

Integr Mol Med

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A unique, non-invasive, holistic paradigm is presented for amelioration of aging and associated pathophysiologic conditions based upon biological piezoelectricity. The capacity for biostructures to amplify weak electromagnetic (EM) triggers through photon-phonon transductions may permit target-specific magnetic resonance energies to renormalize structural and functional integrity of critical biomolecules, such as telomeres, neurotransmitters, immunogenic transmissible microbiological agents, enzymes, peptide hormone trophic factors, transforming DNA segments… etc. Amelioration of the aging process and the effects thereof, including potentialities for palliation of a diversity of conditions may be possible, utilizing nonionizing physiologic PicoTesla electromagnetic fields. Various quantum phenomena are hypothesized as underpinning mechanisms for both normal and diseased conditions, including piezoelectricity, cyclotron resonance, the Quantum Hall Effect, and magnetic resonance; leading to a discussion of biological fission, fusion, and super conduction in neoplasia. A new particle-wave equation is presented for calculating bio-interaction energies set in dual resonance with intrinsic energies of target masses, to induce quantum transpositional states therein restoring biological order; with concomitant reduction of immunogenic quantum state entropy in selective magnetic domains. Experimental studies demonstrating fundamental positive changes in biological models are discussed in support of this non-significant risk methodology. Such changes include electromagnetic modulation of autonomic nervous system (ANS) tonicity, regeneration of nerve ultrastructure in concert with restoration of functionality, diminished viability and/or proliferation rate in human mammary carcinoma cells, and positive clinical studies in neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease. Indeed, it appears that a new frontier in biology and medicine is being manifested through advances in electrophysiology, promising hope for palliation of the human condition in aging and disease.

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Antiarrhythmic Effects of Vasostatin‐1 in a Canine Model of Atrial Fibrillation

Abstract: Vasostatin-1 suppresses AF inducibility, likely by inhibiting GP function. These data may provide new insights into the role of peptide neuromodulators for AF therapy.

Cited by 35 publications

References 38 publications

Autonomic Modulation by Electrical Stimulation of the Parasympathetic Nervous System: An Emerging Intervention for Cardiovascular Diseases

Autonomic Modulation by Electrical Stimulation of the Parasympathetic Nervous System: An Emerging Intervention for Cardiovascular Diseases

Aging and magnetism: Presenting a possible new holistic paradigm for ameliorating the aging process and the effects thereof, through externally applied physiologic PicoTesla magnetic fields

A quantum theory of disease, including cancer and aging

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