Anti-puncture, frigostable, and flexible hydrogel-based composites for soft armor

Wang, Qiushi; Wang, Shan; Chen, Meiyu; Liang, Wei; Dong, Jie; Sun, Run‐Cang

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.10.115

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The upper grip went upward at 25 mm/min until the thread was entirely removed from the fabric. The quasi-static puncture testing (Figure d) was carried out at 25 and −30 °C using a self-designed unit (according to EN 388:2016) installed on a tensile tester . The steel spike’s point and body have dimensions of 1.00 and 4.50 mm, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PVA/SA/Gly hydrogels were prepared by freezing−thawing methods. The hydrogel precursor and pre-hydrogel were prepared using the process described in our earlier literature, 34 and the tough PVA/SA/Gly hydrogels were achieved by immersing the pre-hydrogel in saturated NaCl solutions for various hours at 25 °C. PSGN-x was the abbreviation for the PVA/SA/Gly hydrogels (x meant the period of immersion in hours).…”

Section: Preparation Of Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PVA/SA/Gly hydrogel was selected to prepare the composites due to its best tensile properties when the mass ratio of PVA/SA/Gly/H 2 O was 5.0:0.4:22.3:22.3. 34 As shown in Figure 1, the hydrogel precursor was poured onto the fabric, and the excess liquids were compressed using a pair of rollers at 0.15 MPa and 10 rpm. After being frozen at −30 °C for 3 h and then thawed at 35 °C for 1 h, Kevlar/pre-hydrogel composites were obtained.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quasi-static puncture testing (Figure 2d) was carried out at 25 and −30 °C using a self-designed unit (according to EN 388:2016) installed on a tensile tester. 34 The steel spike's point and body have dimensions of 1.00 and 4.50 mm, respectively. The stylus was moving at a pace of 25 mm/min to penetrate the composites, which were held by two circular clamps with a 20 mm diameter hole in the center.…”

Section: Mechanical Performance Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhang et al designed an anti-freezing cellulose hydrogel with ZnCl 2 and CaCl 2 as a flexible sensor that could be used at −70 °C. Our group has also demonstrated that anti-freezing hydrogel-based composites could manifest a 289% higher puncture force than the neat fabric at −30 °C . As a flexible material capable of integrating mechanical and electrical properties simultaneously at low temperatures, the hydrogel has enormous application potential as the matrix for Kevlar fabric-reinforced composites, which has yet to be explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-Temperature-Tolerant Strain-Sensing Flexible Composite for Soft Body Armor

Wang

ZHANG

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Developing soft body armor with sensing characteristics in various application scenarios is a challenge but important for creating a peaceful world and personal safety, whereas existing materials suffer from indefinite protective effects and stimulus response at subzero temperatures in the long term. Herein, an antifreezing and flexible puncture-resistance composite with strainsensing ability is developed by compounding a NaCl-soaked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/glycerol (Gly) hydrogel (PSGN hydrogel) with Kevlar fabric. After freezing− thawing treatment once and NaCl immersion for 10 h, the Kevlar/ PSGN-10 composite has excellent puncture-resistance properties and linear, rapid response, wide band, and stable strain-sensing behaviors at 25 and −30 °C. The composite's maximum puncturing force and energy dissipation at −30 °C are 53.92 N and 370 mJ, respectively, increased by 285 and 302% compared with neat Kevlar fabric. The flexibility reduction and the mass addition of the Kevlar/PSGN-10 composite are merely 19 and 40%, respectively, showing superior wearable comfortability and protection efficiency. The composites also reveal remarkable strain-sensing abilities at −30 °C (linear strain sensitivity with GF = 0.27 and R 2 = 0.981, a wide working frequency range of 0.16−1.3 Hz, and sensing stability for 1500 cycles). Moreover, the composite could respond to multipart body motion directly, including fingers, elbows, wrists, and knees. Consequently, the Kevlar/PSGN composite developed in this paper is promising for intelligent soft body armor at various temperatures.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fabrication Of Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Performance Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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