Anti-Obesity Effect and Mechanism of Chitooligosaccharides Were Revealed Based on Lipidomics in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Abstract

Chitooligosaccharide (COS) is a natural product from the ocean, and while many studies have reported its important role in metabolic diseases, no study has systematically elaborated the anti-obesity effect and mechanism of COS. Herein, COSM (MW ≤ 3000 Da) was administered to diet-induced obese mice by oral gavage once daily for eight weeks. The results show that COSM administration reduced body weight; slowed weight gain; reduced serum Glu, insulin, NEFA, TC, TG, and LDL-C levels; increased serum HSL and HDL-C levels; improved inflammation; and reduced lipid droplet size in adipose tissue. Further lipidomic analysis of adipose tissue revealed that 31 lipid species are considered to be underlying lipid biomarkers in COS therapy. These lipids are mainly enriched in pathways involving insulin resistance, thermogenesis, cholesterol metabolism, glyceride metabolism and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which sheds light on the weight loss mechanism of COS. The Western blot assay demonstrated that COSM intervention can improve insulin resistance, inhibit de novo synthesis, and promote thermogenesis and β-oxidation in mitochondria by the AMPK pathway, thereby alleviating high-fat diet-induced obesity. In short, our study can provide a more comprehensive direction for the application of COS in obesity based on molecular markers.

Anti-Obesity Effect and Signaling Mechanism of Potassium Poly-γ-Glutamate Produced by Bacillus subtilis Chungkookjang in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

“…Certain drugs used in the clinical treatment of obesity are associated with adverse effects, including nausea, insomnia, constipation, gastrointestinal problems, and potential cardiovascular complications [ 34 ]. Therefore, numerous initiatives are underway to explore and cultivate anti-obesity foods and food ingredients that can effectively reduce body fat accumulation, decrease the risk of obesity-related chronic diseases, and reduce potential side effects associated with clinical treatments [ 35 ].…”

Glucosamine attenuates alcohol-induced acute liver injury via inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation

“…The collected mice blood was added to 2.0 mL sterile Eppendorf (EP) tubes, and the serum was allowed to stand for 1 h at room temperature until significant stratification of the blood can be observed and then centrifuged in a centrifuge at 4 °C (3000 rpm, 15 min) to obtain a supernatant serum sample ( Zhou et al, 2023 ). The results of serum ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL were determined by appropriate kits.…”

The Improvement and Related Mechanism of Microecologics on the Sports Performance and Post-Exercise Recovery of Athletes: A Narrative Review

“…These microorganisms play a crucial role in shaping the diversity and composition of gut microbiota, which in turn affect the host’s digestive, metabolic, and immune antioxidant abilities. The typical microecologics include probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics [ 22 , 23 ]. Numerous studies have reported therapeutic effects of microecologics on chronic diseases through restoration of gastrointestinal function [ 24 , 25 ], immunity [ 26 ], improvement in energy utilization and overall metabolism [ 27 ].…”