Anti-Obesity and Hypoglycemic Effects of Poncirus trifoliata L. Extracts in High-Fat Diet C57BL/6 Mice

Abstract

The present study investigated the possible anti-obesity and hypoglycemic effects of Poncirus trifoliata L. extracts. Mature fruit were divided into flavedo (PF) and juice sacs (PJ), and extracts from them were tested on C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for thirteen weeks. Both fruit extracts (40 mg/kg body weight, respectively) showed anti-obesity and hypoglycemic effects. Consumption of PF and PJ extracts reduced body weight by 9.21% and 20.27%, respectively. Liver and adipose weights, fasting glucose, serum triglyceride (TG), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels decreased significantly, while serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and oral glucose tolerance levels increased significantly in response to two fruit extracts. These effects were due in part to the modulation of serum insulin, leptin, and adiponectin. Furthermore, transcript levels of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) were reduced while those of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α (CPT1α) and insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) were increased in the liver of C57BL/6 mice, which might be an important mechanism affecting lipid and glucose metabolism. Taken together, P. trifoliata fruit can be potentially used to prevent or treat obesity and associated metabolic disorders.

Chrysanthemum�indicum L. ethanol extract reduces high‑fat diet‑induced obesity in mice

“…We found CIEE significantly reduced serum leptin levels and increased adiponectin levels in HFD-induced obese mice. Similarly, a previous study reported Poncritus trifoliate leaf extracts had an anti-obesity effect in HFD-fed mice (32). PPARα/γ is ligand-activated transcription factor, which plays role in glucose and protein metabolism and regulates preadipocytes proliferation and differentiation (33).…”

Phytotherapeutic effects of the fruits of Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. on cancer, inflammation, and digestive dysfunction

“…Another interesting example would be its anti‐obesity effect in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obese mice models (Jia et al, ; Lu et al, ). Specifically, the extract of MF (40 mg/kg body weight) significantly reduced the body weight of HFD mice (Jia et al, ). Indeed, adipose weights, fasting glucose levels, and serum triglyceride levels in HFD mice were all significantly decreased by the treatment of MF (Jia et al, ).…”

“…Specifically, the extract of MF (40 mg/kg body weight) significantly reduced the body weight of HFD mice (Jia et al, ). Indeed, adipose weights, fasting glucose levels, and serum triglyceride levels in HFD mice were all significantly decreased by the treatment of MF (Jia et al, ). Further molecular investigation determined that MF lowered the transcript levels of fatty acid synthase and stearoyl‐CoA desaturase 1 whereas increased those of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α and insulin receptor substrate 2 in the liver of HFD mice (Jia et al, ).…”

“…Indeed, adipose weights, fasting glucose levels, and serum triglyceride levels in HFD mice were all significantly decreased by the treatment of MF (Jia et al, ). Further molecular investigation determined that MF lowered the transcript levels of fatty acid synthase and stearoyl‐CoA desaturase 1 whereas increased those of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α and insulin receptor substrate 2 in the liver of HFD mice (Jia et al, ). On the other hand, extracts of citrange, a generic hybrid between Poncirus trifoliate (L.) Raf.…”

Phloretin exerts hypoglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and improves insulin resistance in vitro

“…Natural products isolated from fruit extracts have been associated with many positive health benefits, 1 such as being anticancer, 2 – 4 antioxidant, 5 , 6 anti-inflammatory, 7 and antiobesity. 8 More recently, much attention has been paid to flavonoids, a group of phenolic compounds, which have been shown to reduce the risk of major chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. 9 Phloretin (2′,4′,6′-trihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propiophenone, Ph, Figure 1 ), a dihydrochalcone, which is the main component of the chalcone class of flavonoids, exists in apples, 10 pears, and strawberries.…”