Anti-Nociceptive And Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of A Nigerian Polyherbal Tonic Tea (PHT) Extract In Rodents

Abstract

The study investigated the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of a Nigerian Polyherbal Health Tonic tea aqueous extract (PHT) in rodents of both sexes. 100 -500 mg kg -1 of the aqueous extract was administered via the intra-peritoneal (i.p.) and oral (p.o.) routes to 5 groups of mice using tail immersion, tail clip, formalin and acetic acid -induced writhing tests of experimental nociceptive models. Each of the models showed that PHT possesses a significant (p<0.05) anti-nociceptive effects which were peripherally and centrally mediated as both the early and late phases of pain significantly (p<0.05) were inhibited. However, the peripherally mediated analgesic effect of PHT, although similar to that of aspirin but was found to be more potent than aspirin. In assessing its anti-inflammatory potentials, 300 -1340 mg kg -1 PHT was also administered via oral and intraperitoneal routes, which, significantly (p<0.05) reduced the volume of carrageenan-induced oedema. Although, PHT administered via i.p. route was more effective than the oral but there was barely any difference between the percentage inhibition of oedema volume at both 600 and 1340 mg kg -1 given orally. PHT anti-inflammatory effect was elucidated to be significantly (p<0.05) mediated via histaminergic, serotonergic, bradykinin and prostaglandin inhibition. PHT was also shown to be more protective than acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in the castor oil-induced diarrhea model, which suggests the involvement of other mechanisms. Thus, lending supports to its folkloric use in pain and swelling management.

Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of methanolic leaf extract of Maerua crassifolia

“…After one hour, inflammation of the hind paw was induced in rat by injection of 0.1 mL of freshly prepared carrageenan suspension (1%) in distilled water into the subplantar tissue of the right hind paw to all the groups [18][19][20]. The paw volumes were measured at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 h, respectively by using plethysmometer.…”

In vivo and in silico evaluation of analgesic activity of Lippia alba

“…Centrally acting analgesics and opoid receptor agonists are more effectively evaluated by these two methods. Opoid receptor agonists act through spinal and supra spinal receptors and among these receptors μ receptor agonist is most effective against thermal induced nociception [40,41]. And for this, tail immersion and hot plate are very effective to evaluate the peripheral analgesic activity.…”

Analgesic and Anti‐Inflammatory Activities of Diethyl Ether and n‐Hexane Extract of Polyalthia suberosa Leaves

“…The opioid µ receptor demonstrates more sensitivity to thermal induced nociceptive test like tail immersion test. Opioids can start their antinociceptive activity in both acute and late phases of pain model [37, 54]. Table 3 shows that plant extracts showed less effect on inhibition of tail withdrawal and there was no significant latency period, except PSDE 400 mg/kg at 30 min ( P < 0.05).…”