Anti-inflammatory effect of apocynin, a plant-derived NADPH oxidase antagonist, in acute experimental colitis

Chemical Constituents of Sandbox Tree (Hura crepitans Linn.) and Anti-hepatotoxic Activity of the Leaves and Stem Bark Extracts

“…The mean value ± SEM was calculated for each parameter and analyzed separately using ANOVA followed by Dunnets 't' test. those reported for these compounds in literature (32)(33).…”

Chemical Constituents of Sandbox Tree (Hura crepitans Linn.) and Anti-hepatotoxic Activity of the Leaves and Stem Bark Extracts

“…The mean value ± SEM was calculated for each parameter and analyzed separately using ANOVA followed by Dunnets 't' test. those reported for these compounds in literature (32)(33).…”

Diapocynin, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, counteracts diisopropylfluorophosphate‐induced long‐term neurotoxicity in the rat model

“…79,80 It is 10× more potent and selective and 13× more lipophilic than apocynin. 76,83 In the mouse model of Parkinson's disease, oral administration of synthetic DPO at 300 mg/kg significantly suppressed ROS, RNS, reactive gliosis, and cytokines. 83,84 In the present study, we tested the same dose of DPO but administered twice daily for the first 3 days after DFP exposure to investigate its protective effects against initial seizures, epileptiform spikes during the first 4 weeks, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, and cognitive and motor dysfunction at 6 weeks after exposure.…”

“…DPO (5, 5 -dehydrodiacetovanillone) is a dimer of apocynin, an effective NOX2 inhibitor. [75][76][77][78][79][80][81] Apocynin (acetovanillone or 4-hydroxy-3methoxyacetophenone), a vanilla-flavored herb derivative, is a natural antioxidant. 77,79 NOXmediated oxidative damage to proteins in the postsynaptic density has been reported after transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in the rat model.…”

“…76 The protective effects of apocynin and DPO are attributed to their antagonistic effects on NADPH oxidase. 75,76 However, apocynin is not effectively converted into DPO in vivo. 78,81 Therefore, DPO is chemically synthesized by oxidative coupling of two apocynin monomers.…”

“…DPO (5, 5′‐dehydrodiacetovanillone) is a dimer of apocynin, an effective NOX2 inhibitor 75–81 . Apocynin (acetovanillone or 4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyacetophenone), a vanilla‐flavored herb derivative, is a natural antioxidant 77,79 .…”

Chemical Constituents of Sandbox Tree (Hura crepitans Linn.) and Anti-hepatotoxic Activity of the Leaves and Stem Bark Extracts

“…The mean value ± SEM was calculated for each parameter and analyzed separately using ANOVA followed by Dunnets 't' test. those reported for these compounds in literature (32)(33).…”

Diapocynin, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, counteracts diisopropylfluorophosphate‐induced long‐term neurotoxicity in the rat model

“…79,80 It is 10× more potent and selective and 13× more lipophilic than apocynin. 76,83 In the mouse model of Parkinson's disease, oral administration of synthetic DPO at 300 mg/kg significantly suppressed ROS, RNS, reactive gliosis, and cytokines. 83,84 In the present study, we tested the same dose of DPO but administered twice daily for the first 3 days after DFP exposure to investigate its protective effects against initial seizures, epileptiform spikes during the first 4 weeks, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, and cognitive and motor dysfunction at 6 weeks after exposure.…”

“…DPO (5, 5 -dehydrodiacetovanillone) is a dimer of apocynin, an effective NOX2 inhibitor. [75][76][77][78][79][80][81] Apocynin (acetovanillone or 4-hydroxy-3methoxyacetophenone), a vanilla-flavored herb derivative, is a natural antioxidant. 77,79 NOXmediated oxidative damage to proteins in the postsynaptic density has been reported after transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in the rat model.…”

“…76 The protective effects of apocynin and DPO are attributed to their antagonistic effects on NADPH oxidase. 75,76 However, apocynin is not effectively converted into DPO in vivo. 78,81 Therefore, DPO is chemically synthesized by oxidative coupling of two apocynin monomers.…”

“…DPO (5, 5′‐dehydrodiacetovanillone) is a dimer of apocynin, an effective NOX2 inhibitor 75–81 . Apocynin (acetovanillone or 4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyacetophenone), a vanilla‐flavored herb derivative, is a natural antioxidant 77,79 .…”

Chemical Constituents of Sandbox Tree (Hura crepitans Linn.) and Anti-hepatotoxic Activity of the Leaves and Stem Bark Extracts

“…The mean value ± SEM was calculated for each parameter and analyzed separately using ANOVA followed by Dunnets 't' test. those reported for these compounds in literature (32)(33).…”

Diapocynin, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, counteracts diisopropylfluorophosphate‐induced long‐term neurotoxicity in the rat model

“…79,80 It is 10× more potent and selective and 13× more lipophilic than apocynin. 76,83 In the mouse model of Parkinson's disease, oral administration of synthetic DPO at 300 mg/kg significantly suppressed ROS, RNS, reactive gliosis, and cytokines. 83,84 In the present study, we tested the same dose of DPO but administered twice daily for the first 3 days after DFP exposure to investigate its protective effects against initial seizures, epileptiform spikes during the first 4 weeks, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, and cognitive and motor dysfunction at 6 weeks after exposure.…”

“…DPO (5, 5 -dehydrodiacetovanillone) is a dimer of apocynin, an effective NOX2 inhibitor. [75][76][77][78][79][80][81] Apocynin (acetovanillone or 4-hydroxy-3methoxyacetophenone), a vanilla-flavored herb derivative, is a natural antioxidant. 77,79 NOXmediated oxidative damage to proteins in the postsynaptic density has been reported after transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in the rat model.…”

“…76 The protective effects of apocynin and DPO are attributed to their antagonistic effects on NADPH oxidase. 75,76 However, apocynin is not effectively converted into DPO in vivo. 78,81 Therefore, DPO is chemically synthesized by oxidative coupling of two apocynin monomers.…”

“…DPO (5, 5′‐dehydrodiacetovanillone) is a dimer of apocynin, an effective NOX2 inhibitor 75–81 . Apocynin (acetovanillone or 4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyacetophenone), a vanilla‐flavored herb derivative, is a natural antioxidant 77,79 .…”