Anti-Inflammatory, Antipyretic, and Analgesic Properties of Potamogeton perfoliatus Extract: In Vitro and In Vivo Study

Abstract

Natural antioxidants, especially those of plant origins, have shown a plethora of biological activities with substantial economic value, as they can be extracted from agro-wastes and/or under exploited plant species. The perennial hydrophyte, Potamogeton perfoliatus, has been used traditionally to treat several health disorders; however, little is known about its biological and its medicinal effects. Here, we used an integrated in vitro and in vivo framework to examine the potential effect of P. perfoliatus on oxidative stress, nociception, inflammatory models, and brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia in mice. Our results suggested a consistent in vitro inhibition of three enzymes, namely 5-lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 (COX-1 and COX-2), as well as a potent antioxidant effect. These results were confirmed in vivo where the studied extract attenuated carrageenan-induced paw edema, carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration into the peritoneal cavity by 25, 44 and 64% at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg, p.o., respectively. Moreover, the extract decreased acetic acid-induced vascular permeability by 45% at 600 mg/kg, p.o., and chemical hyperalgesia in mice by 86% by 400 mg/kg, p.o., in acetic acid-induced writhing assay. The extract (400 mg/kg) showed a longer response latency at the 3 h time point (2.5 fold of the control) similar to the nalbuphine, the standard opioid analgesic. Additionally, pronounced antipyretic effects were observed at 600 mg/kg, comparable to paracetamol. Using LC-MS/MS, we identified 15 secondary metabolites that most likely contributed to the obtained biological activities. Altogether, our findings indicate that P. perfoliatus has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic and antipyretic effects, thus supporting its traditional use and promoting its valorization as a potential candidate in treating oxidative stress-associated diseases.

Phytochemical Profile, Free Radical Scavenging and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Acalypha Indica Root Extract: Evidence from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

“…Carrageenan induced acute inflammation was evidenced by the appearance of paw edema in rats. Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema is a well-established animal model to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properly of phytochemicals [ 10 , 21 ]. The edema volume was sharply increased 1 h after injection (38%) and reached maximum size by 5/6 h (52%) ( Figure 1 ).…”

“…Carrageenan, a highly sulfated polysaccharide is widely used as food additive due to its capability to enhance the food structure [ 31 ]. Carrageenan (non-antigenic phlogistic agent)-induced rat paw edema is a well-established and widely used model to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properly of plant and synthetic compounds [ 10 , 21 ]. Carrageenan-induced edema development is a biphasic acute inflammatory response [ 29 ].…”

“…Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema is a well-established and widely used model to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properly of plant and synthetic compounds [ 10 , 21 , 59 ]. The AIRME doses (150 and 300 mg/kg body weight) used in this study were based on our preliminary dose-dependent studies, where we found various doses of AIRME (100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mg/kg bodyweight) did not produce any physiological or behavioral changes in normal rats.…”

“…Various plant-derived or synthetic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds have been used to treat oxidative insult and inflammation, as these substances are capable in scavenging of ROS and inflammatory mediators [ 9 , 10 ]. However, the synthetic compounds have been claimed to cause mild to severe adverse effects.…”

Editorial: Application of plant secondary metabolites to pain neuromodulation, volume II

“…Neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation are often linked with the nerve injuries like scientic nerve injury (Myers et al, 2006;Ellis and Bennett, 2013;Mahmoud et al). Literature suggested that Potamogeton perfoliatus L. inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 enzymes, and thus possessing potential antiinflammatory and analgesic properties (Rezq et al, 2021).…”