Anti-inflammatory Activity of Saccharum Officinarum Linn (Poaceae) Juice in Animal Models

Abstract

Saccharum officcinarum (SOC) juice has been used for treatment and management of several conditions including urinary tract infection, diabetes, constipation, tooth decay and bad breath according to folklore. This study was carried out to explore the anti-inflammatory effects of the juice of Saccharum officinarum in doses of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 mL/kg using the following models in rats -carrageenan, histamine, serotonin, formalin-induced paw oedema, and cotton-pellet granuloma. Also employing the following models in mice -castor oil-induced diarrhea and xylene-induced ear oedema. Animals were pretreated with aspirin (100 mg/kg; p.o), cyproheptadine (10 mg/kg; p.o.), atropine (1 mg/ kg p.o), dexamethasone (5 mg/kg; p.o.) and celecoxib (20 mg/ kg p.o.). Oral administration of SOC juice significantly (p<0.001) reduced the right hind paw circumference induced by carrageenan, histamine, serotonin and formalin compared to control group. Furthermore, it inhibited xylene-induced ear oedema with peak effect at 20 mL/kg, as well as castor oil-induced diarrhea and cotton pellet granuloma with peak effect at 10 mL/kg. The anti-inflammatory activities of SOC were significant (p<0.05) when compared with aspirin, cyproheptadine and dexamethasone. The study revealed the potent anti-inflammatory activities of the juice of S. officinarum.

In vitro studies of magnesium oxide nano-particles of Saccharum officinarum root extract: Evaluation of the antidiabetic effect using alpha-glucosidase enzyme

“…The synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles by green method has recently become the focus of medicine because it is more environmentally friendly, low cost and low toxicity, long-term stability (Metz et al, 2015). Saccharum officinarum plant has been used traditionally to treat and control a number of conditions including urinary tract infections, diabetes, constipation, tooth decay, and bad breath (Agbaje et al, 2019). Despite the anti-diabetic claims of the locals, scientific evidence for this potential of Saccharum officinarum root has not been established.…”