Anti-fouling performance of chevron plate heat exchanger by the surface modification

Ahn, Ho Seon; Kim, Koung Moon; Lim, Sun Taek; Lee, Chang-Hun; Han, Seok Won; Choi, H. K.; Koo, Sang‐Mo; Kim, Nam Keun; Jerng, Dong-Wook

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118634

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The weight of foulant was then normalized to the effective heat transfer area, and it was expressed in mg cm −2 . In non‐invasive technique, the overall thermal resistance (fouling factor) ( R f ) was calculated as an indicator of fouling (Equation (8); Ahn et al, 2019).

R_{f =} \frac{1}{U_{f}} - \frac{1}{U_{0}}

where, “ U f ” and “ U 0 ” are the overall heat transfer coefficients of the PHE with and without foulants, respectively at time “ t ” and “ t = 0.” The experimental value of U f was calculated using Equation (9) (Ahn et al, 2019).…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In non‐invasive technique, the overall thermal resistance (fouling factor) ( R f ) was calculated as an indicator of fouling (Equation (8); Ahn et al, 2019).

R_{f =} \frac{1}{U_{f}} - \frac{1}{U_{0}}

U_{f} = \frac{Q}{A \times \frac{((), T_{wi} - T_{mo}) - ((), T_{wo} - T_{mi})}{italicln ([], \frac{((), T_{wi} - T_{mo})}{((), T_{wo} - T_{mi})})}}

where,

" Q "

is the heat transfer load, “ A ” is the heat transfer area, “ T m ” and “ T w ” are the temperatures of milk and water, respectively, and the subscripts “ i ” and “ o ” indicate inlet and outlet of the PHE, respectively.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitigation of fouling during milk processing in polytetrafluoroethylene‐titanium dioxide coated plate heat exchanger

Munivenkatappa

Franklin

Dhotre

et al. 2021

J Food Process Engineering

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An attempt was made to mitigate fouling during milk processing in plate heat exchanger by modifying SS316 surface with the coating of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles. The surface characteristics of PTFE-TiO 2 coated and conventional SS316 plates, and their thermal performance during heating of milk in batches for 8 hr were compared. It was observed that the static contact angles of water on SS316 and PTFE-TiO 2 coated plates were 66.8 ± 6.3 and 112.8 ± 0.8 , while for milk they were 61.0 ± 6.1 and 97.5 ± 1.1 , respectively. The increase in contact angle for coated surface was suggestive of weaker interaction between the fluid and surface, and enhancement in hydrophobicity. Overall heat transfer coefficients for uncoated and coated plates ranged from 354.36 to 952.26 Wm À2 K À1 and 477.11 to 593.73 Wm À2 K À1 , whereas the fouling factor was 1.723 Â 10 À3 and 0.412 Â 10 À3 m 2 KW À1 , respectively. As deposition of foulants occurred, the overall heat transfer coefficient of SS316 and coated surfaces dropped by 62.15 and 19.40%, respectively, from the initial value, resulting in crossover of the curves at 310 min of heating milk. After 480 min of heating milk, the fouling factor of SS316 plates was at least four times higher than that of PTFE-TiO 2 coated plates.The PTFE-TiO 2 coating mitigated the deposition of milk foulants by 20 times than that of SS316 surface. Practical ApplicationsFouling of plate heat exchangers (PHE) during milk processing is an unsolved problem causing significant loss in heat transfer performance, increased pressure drop in flow between plates, loss of process time due to cleaning and impairment of product quality. The high surface free energy and hydrophilic adhesion of SS316 to milk act as stimulants to fouling. Modification of SS316 plates in PHE with coating of polytetrafluroethylene and titanium dioxide nanoparticles mitigates fouling. Coated plates maintain the heat transfer performance of the plates for extended time and reduce the cleaning requirement. Also, savings in harsh chemicals, water, and pumping costs could be realized.

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R_{f =} \frac{1}{U_{f}} - \frac{1}{U_{0}}

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In non‐invasive technique, the overall thermal resistance (fouling factor) ( R f ) was calculated as an indicator of fouling (Equation (8); Ahn et al, 2019).

R_{f =} \frac{1}{U_{f}} - \frac{1}{U_{0}}

U_{f} = \frac{Q}{A \times \frac{((), T_{wi} - T_{mo}) - ((), T_{wo} - T_{mi})}{italicln ([], \frac{((), T_{wi} - T_{mo})}{((), T_{wo} - T_{mi})})}}

where,

" Q "

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of fouling during milk processing in polytetrafluoroethylene‐titanium dioxide coated plate heat exchanger

Munivenkatappa

Franklin

Dhotre

et al. 2021

J Food Process Engineering

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“…Sea water entering plate-type heat exchangers can occupy 1.5 mm-thin spaces within a chamber separated by titanium or stainless-steel plates through which heat is advected from fresh water and diffused by sea water departing the chamber (Gust et al, 2018b). Modern plate designs include varying degrees of herringbone patterns on plate surfaces (theta chevron angles) which can increase water velocity and turbulence in the narrow gaps between plates to increase heat exchange efficiency while reducing fouling risk (Ahn et al, 2019). Likewise, shell-and-tube coolers can have pipe diameters of <1 cm with heat from fresh water in the chamber (shell) being transferred and removed by sea water flowing through a bundle of pipes (tubes) (Gust et al, 2018b).…”

Section: The Flow Of Sea Water Through Issmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Biofouling of Ships’ Internal Seawater Systems

et al. 2021

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Internal seawater systems (ISS) are critical to the proper functioning of maritime vessels. Sea water is pumped on board ships for a broad array of uses, primarily for temperature control (e.g., engine and electrical systems), cooling capacity (e.g., air conditioners and refrigeration), and water provision (e.g., drinking, firefighting, steam, and ballast). Although sea water may spend only a brief period within ISS of a vessel, it can carry microorganisms and larval stages of macroorganisms throughout the system leading to biofouling accumulation that can impair system function or integrity. ISS can also act as a sub-vector of species translocations, potentially facilitating biological invasions. This review describes ships’ ISS with a focus on operational impacts of biofouling and current drivers and barriers associated with ISS biofouling management. As ISS internal components are difficult to access, reports and studies of ISS biofouling are uncommon and much of the dedicated literature is decades old. The impact of biofouling on ISS and vessel operations is based on increased surface roughness of pipework and equipment, restricted water flow, corrosion and subsequent component impingement, reduced surface functional efficiency, and potential contamination by pathogens that can affect human and aquatic animal health. Biofouling management is primarily achieved using antifouling coatings and marine growth prevention systems, but independent and accessible data on their efficacy in ISS remain limited. Further research is required to resolve the extent to which biofouling occurs in ISS of the modern commercial fleet and the efficacy of preventive systems. Such information can ultimately inform decisions to improve operational efficiency for vessel operators and ensure any biosecurity risks are appropriately managed.

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“…Globally, techniques gathered in Table 6 are used either to decrease or to increase intrinsic roughness of SS. Recently, Ahn et al (2019) have used electrochemical etching to make porous SS PHEs with holes at the micro and nano scale. However, these modified surfaces were tested against an inorganic fouling, CaCO 3 , closer to type B fouling (mineral fouling).…”

Section: Top-down Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review on surface modifications mitigating dairy fouling

Saget

Almeida

Fierro

et al. 2021

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Thermal treatments performed in food processing industries generate fouling. This fouling deposit impairs heat transfer mechanism by creating a thermal resistance, thus leading to regular shutdown of the processes. Therefore, periodic and harsh cleaning-in-place (CIP) procedures are implemented. This CIP involves the use of chemicals and high amounts of water, thus increasing environmental burden. It has been estimated that 80% of production costs are owed to dairy fouling deposit. Since the 1970s, different types of surface modifications have been performed either to prevent fouling deposition (anti-fouling) or to facilitate removal (fouling-release). This review points out the impacts of surface modification on type A dairy fouling and on cleaning behaviors under batch and continuous flow conditions. Both types of anti-fouling and fouling-release coatings are reported as well as the different techniques used to modify stainless steel surface. Finally, methods for testing and characterising the effectiveness of coatings in mitigating dairy fouling are discussed.

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Anti-fouling performance of chevron plate heat exchanger by the surface modification

Cited by 28 publications

References 49 publications

Mitigation of fouling during milk processing in polytetrafluoroethylene‐titanium dioxide coated plate heat exchanger

Mitigation of fouling during milk processing in polytetrafluoroethylene‐titanium dioxide coated plate heat exchanger

A Review of Biofouling of Ships’ Internal Seawater Systems

A critical review on surface modifications mitigating dairy fouling

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