Anthropometric study of the cranial parameters using Computed Tomography (CT) scan to establish cephalic index of a sampled population in Calabar, Nigeria

Paulinus, Samson Omini; Eru, E; Ukpong, Ekaete V.; Archibong, Bassey E.; Udoh, Benjamin Effiong; Egom, Akwa E.; Ani, Charles Chibunna; Ebong, Peace T.; Okoro, Ulu U.; Igiri, Anozeng Oyono; Egbe, NO

doi:10.4314/gjpas.v25i2.4

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Similarly, the mean and SD values of FOD, BPD and CI were respectively found to be 170 ± 10.69, 122 ± 7.47 and 72 ± 5.67. This also agrees with many studies conducted in our locality (Omotoso et al, 2019;Udo-Affah et al, 2021) and across the globe at large, however, among healthy subjects (Omotoso et al, 2019;Paulinus et al, 2019). Unlike in many studies (Golalipour et al, 2005;Fawehinmi et al, 2009;Bernhardt et al, 2017), which were conducted on healthy subjects, the present study was among stroke patients and there was no similar study found or done in this locality, where stroke patients' head types were assessed, however, the findings of the present study agree with the studies mentioned above (Omotoso et al, 2019;Udo-Affah et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Study of head types of stroke patients: A Retrospective hospital-based imaging study using brain CT scans

Muhammad¹,

Musa²,

Umana³

et al. 2022

dujopas

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Stroke has been linked with various anthropometric parameters. Many researchers studied anthropometric parameters such as height, weight and BMI in relation to stroke. Cephalometry is used to estimate the dimensions of skull with which different head types could be determined. This study was aimed at determining the different head types of stroke patients. This is a descriptive retrospective imaging study that used brain CT scans of stroke patients. Vitrea® 2.0 software was used for the image analysis. The software has an in-built caliper which was used for measurement of Fronto-Occipital Diameter (FOD) and Bi-Parietal Diameter (BPD). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. The overall mean age and standard deviation of the study subjects was 58+15yrs. The mean age and standard deviation for males and females were 58 ± 14 years and 59 ± 15 years respectively. The mean and standard deviation of FOD, BPD and Cranial Index (CI) were found to be 170 ± 11 mm, 122 ± 8 mm and 72 ± 6 respectively. Majority of the patients were observed to have Dolichocephalic head type (302, 73%). This study established that the predominant head type found amongst the stroke patients is Dolichocephalic.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Study of head types of stroke patients: A Retrospective hospital-based imaging study using brain CT scans

Muhammad¹,

Musa²,

Umana³

et al. 2022

dujopas

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“…The socio-demographic characteristics including the age and sex obtained from the present study (Table 1) were taken into consideration with respect to the cranial dimensions or parameters of the North India sampled population. On the gender distribution, results of our study showed no significant difference between females and males which corroborates similar work done by Ekizoglu et al [14], on the evaluation of gender in the modern Turkish population through the cranial CT anthropometric parameters, and Paulinus et al [15], also observed the same by cranial CT-anthropometric parameters over Nigerians residing in Calabar.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…We performed a cross-sectional study on 1000 subjects. Akinbami [16] performed a cross-sectional study on the 700 subjects; Singh and Purkit [17] conducted a cross-sectional study on the 200 subjects while Paulinus et al [15], did a retrospective and prospective study of over 200 subjects. The collection of data offered by our study probably covers the most extensive age range with a large number of subjects in each gender and age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of Cephalic Index Using Cranial Parameters by Computed Tomography in a Sampled North Indian Population

Khanduri¹,

Malik²,

Khan³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Background: Cephalic index (CI) also called cranial index is the ratio of maximum breadth to a maximum length of head. The purpose of the study was to study anthropometry of cranial parameters using the computed tomography (CT) scans to establish the CI of the sampled population in North India.Materials and methods: The cross-sectional study was carried on the subjects of age group ranging from 6 to 95 years of either sex (total 1000 subjects; 540 male and 460 female) in the radio-diagnosis department of Era's Medical College Lucknow, UP, India. The measurement of maximum cranial breadth (MCB) and maximum cranial length (MCL) were taken on a CT scan machine and recorded for analysis. When associating the measures of precision for different subgroups, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for modest and efficient errors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors affecting the CI estimation like age, interzygomatic length (IZL), orbital length (OL), MCB, and MCL.Result: Out of 1000 studied subjects, the majority 234 (23.4%) of the subjects belong to the 21-30 years age group. MCB of heads and MCL of heads in different ages and on applying the one-way ANOVA association was statistically significant and CI was statistically insignificant. Pearson correlation between the CI and other parameters like age, MCB of heads, and MCL of heads, and a statistically significant correlation was seen with each other. Dolichocephalic types of the skull are found more in male subjects, and brachycephalic type of skull is more common in female subjects. Conclusion:The average CI of our study was 76.67±3.18. This shows that northern India's dominant head shape, especially in the Lucknow region, was dolichocephaly. Thus, the CT scan is proven an essential modality in the assessment of cranial parameters in anthropometry.

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“…The current and voltage of the tube range 250-300 mAs and 120-150 kvp respectively were used for the cranial CT scans. Images were obtained in the axial plane with multiplanar reformatted sagittal and coronal images with the workstation software (vitrea version 6.9.2) at the respective point of measurement as previously reported by Paulinus et al 17 and Jain et al 18…”

Section: Image Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kraniyofasiyal boyutlar kullanarak cinsiyet tahmini: Kaduna Eyaleti, Nijerya'da BT tarama görüntüleri çalışması

JAAFAR,

MURDAKAİ,

TERSOO

et al. 2023

Cukurova Medical Journal

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Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of craniofacial dimensions in estimating sex in a sample population in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of normal CT scan images of 399 Crania (comprising 236 males and 163 females) of age range 18–95 years that came for CT scans for the diagnostic purpose at the National Ear Care Centre, Kaduna between the years of 2017–2019. The images were randomly taken at the archives of the Radiology Department of the institute on an axial plane. The five craniofacial dimensions were measured directly from the computer screen using Vitrea CT Software. Results: Maximum cranial width (13.49±0.57 cm), maximum cranial length (18.11±0.74 cm), and bizygomatic length (12.64±0.58 cm) of males were significantly greater than in females (13.35±0.49 cm), (17.82±0.66 cm) and (12.22±0.59 cm) respectively. The bizygomatic length on the receiver operating characteristic curve (Area under the curve = 0.711), logistic regression (odd ratio = 1.254), and discriminant function analysis (percentage accuracy after cross validation = 67.4 %.) was the best single variable for estimating sex. Bizygomatic and maximum cranial length were selected as the significant estimators of sex by multivariate logistic regression with Adjusted Odd Ratios of 1.412 and 3.984 respectively, as well as discriminant function analysis (percentage accuracy after cross validation = 66.9%). Conclusion: Among the sample population in Kaduna State, Nigeria, there is sexual dimorphism in some of the craniofacial variable found in CT scan images. Multivariate logistic regression may be the best model to utilize for predicting sex among the Kaduna State sample group.

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Anthropometric study of the cranial parameters using Computed Tomography (CT) scan to establish cephalic index of a sampled population in Calabar, Nigeria

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Study of head types of stroke patients: A Retrospective hospital-based imaging study using brain CT scans

Study of head types of stroke patients: A Retrospective hospital-based imaging study using brain CT scans

Establishment of Cephalic Index Using Cranial Parameters by Computed Tomography in a Sampled North Indian Population

Kraniyofasiyal boyutlar kullanarak cinsiyet tahmini: Kaduna Eyaleti, Nijerya'da BT tarama görüntüleri çalışması

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