Anthropometric correlates of blood pressure in normotensive Pakistani subjects

Khan, Abad; Haq, Faheem Ul; Pervez, Mohammad Bin; Saleheen, Danish; Frossard, Philippe; Ishaq, Mohammad; Hakeem, Abdul; Sheikh, Harnza T.; Ahmad, Usman

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2006.12.040

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…31 A few other researchers have also reported that WtHR was a better index associated with HPT among the male population. 32,33 However, a study among Australian adults showed that, among females, WC had the strongest correlation with not only SBP but also other CVD risk factors such as triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein (HDL). 34 This present study showed that WC had the highest correlation coefficient values with DBP among male respondents compared with BMI, WHR and WtHR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in correlates of obesity indices and blood pressure among Malay adults in Selangor, Malaysia

Ahmad

Julaina

Nawi

2015

South African Family Practice

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Background: Obesity is a risk factor for many chronic diseases and related morbidity and mortality. It is imperative to identify the best index of obesity which has the strongest relationship to blood pressure in various populations. The main aim of this study was to determine the sex differences in correlates of four frequently used obesity indices among Malaysians. Method: A cross-sectional study which recruited 1 530 Malay respondents was conducted in four villages in a district of Selangor state, Malaysia from June until October 2011. Blood pressure and anthropometric indices were recorded using a structured data sheet and data were analysed using SPSS version 17.0. Results: The body mass index cut-off point for the general population shows more overweight than obese respondents for both sexes (male [overweight: 30.7%, obese: 13.8%]), (female [overweight: 32.8%, obese: 21.8%]). The body mass index cutoff point for Asians shows more overweight males compared with obese male respondents (35.8% vs 26.1% respectively) and more obese female compared with overweight female respondents (36.1% vs 32.9% respectively). There were more respondents with abdominal obesity by Asians' cut-off point for waist circumference across sexes. Almost half of the male respondents have abdominal obesity by waist circumference with both cut-off points. Female respondents according to Asians' cut-off point have a higher prevalence of abdominal obesity by waist-to-hip ratio compared with women categorised by the general population cut-off point (76.3% vs 55.1% respectively). The majority of the respondents across sexes have a high prevalence of abdominal obesity by waist-to-height ratio. Males had significantly higher mean values for systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and waist-to-hip ratio compared with female respondents, while females had a significantly higher mean for body mass index and waist-to-height ratio compared with male respondents. There was no significant mean difference for WC between sexes. All indices of obesity were significantly and positively correlated with both systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. The waist-to-height ratio shows the strongest correlates with systolic blood pressure across sexes (male: r = 0.291 and female: r = 0.294) compared with diastolic blood pressure. Waist circumference correlates most strongly with diastolic blood pressure among male respondents (r = 0.266) and body mass index correlates most strongly with diastolic blood pressure among female respondents (r = 0.250). Conclusion: Waist-to-height ratio performed better than BMI, WC and WHR for its correlates with systolic blood pressure across sexes. Diastolic blood pressure correlates most strongly with waist circumference among male respondents and it correlates most strongly with body mass index among female respondents. The waist-to-height ratio could be a simple and effective tool to screen for high blood pressure among the Malay population. Future research might look into a sex-specific abdominal obesit...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in correlates of obesity indices and blood pressure among Malay adults in Selangor, Malaysia

Ahmad

Julaina

Nawi

2015

South African Family Practice

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“…23 The waist/height ratio is also proving to have a strong association with cardiovascular risk factors in Asian populations. 24 With relation to the C Index, Pitanga and Lessa 19 proposed cutoff points of 1.25 for men and 1.18 for women. Despite this information, few studies could be located that used this measurement as a reference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Razão cintura/estatura comparado a outros indicadores antropométricos de obesidade como preditor de risco coronariano elevado

Haun

Pitanga²,

Lessa³

2009

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

105

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Objective. this study compares the performance of the waist-height ratio with other anthropometric indicators of obesity: waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), conicity index (C Index), and body mass index (BMI) for discriminating the level of coronary risk (HCR). MethOds. a cross-sectional study of a subset of the participants enrolled on the "Monitoring Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes in Brazil" project (MONIT) was carried out in Salvador, Brazil (2000). The total sample comprised 968 people (391 men and 577 women) aged 30 to 74. First, the total area was calculated under the ROC curves between the C Index, WHR, waist/height ratio, WC, BMI and HCR at a 95% confidence interval. Sensitivity and specificity were then calculated. Analyses were carried out using STATA 7.0. Results. Areas under the ROC curves used as indicators of obesity were C Index 0.80, WHR 0.76, waist/height ratio 0.76, WC 0.73, and BMI 0.64 for men and Index C 0.75, WHR 0.75, waist/height ratio 0.69, WC 0.66 and BMI 0.59 for women. cOnclusiOn. Indicators of abdominal obesity are better at discriminating HCR than the usual obesity indicator (BMI). The waist/height ratios are closer to the results of other studies. Furthermore, the waist/height ratio whose statistical significance justifies its use.

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“…Of these forty-four papers, nineteen publications had calculated OR or similar (43 -59,64,69) ( Table 3), twenty-five papers presented correlation analyses (9,48,55,57 -63,66 -68,71,73 -83) , four presented linear regression (9,10,54,70) , one random effects (72) and one paper compared means (65) (Table 4). The majority of studies explored the relationship between the anthropometric indices and a wide range of disease risk factors, namely blood pressure, lipids and insulin indices, as continuous variables.…”

Section: Cross-sectional Studies In Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the population as a whole (9,10) and divided by sex (59) Not in whole study population (57,75) , in women, but not men (76) SBP 21/22 In the population as a whole (9,10,55,57,60,63,65,75) and analyses divided by ethnicity (58) , age (48) , sex (54,59,61,66,70,72,77,82,83) or age and sex (47,76) In non-hypertensives but not hypertensives (71) …”

Section: /5mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the population as a whole (57,60,63,65,75) and analyses divided by ethnicity (58) , age (48) , sex (54,59,61,66,72,77,83) or age and sex (47,76) In non-hypertensives but not hypertensives (71) , in men but not women (70) , in women but not men (82) 19/22 In the population as a whole (9,10,55,57,60,63,65,75) and analyses divided by ethnicity (58) , age (48) , sex (54,61,66,70,72,77,83) or age and sex (47,76) In non-hypertensives but not hypertensives (71) , in men but not women (59) , in women but not men (82) DBP 18/21 In the population as a whole (9,10,55,57,63,65,75,…”

Section: /19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review of waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool for the prediction of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: 0·5 could be a suitable global boundary value

2010

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This systematic review collated seventy-eight studies exploring waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and waist circumference (WC) or BMI as predictors of diabetes and CVD, published in English between 1950 and 2008. Twenty-two prospective analyses showed that WHtR and WC were significant predictors of these cardiometabolic outcomes more often than BMI, with similar OR, sometimes being significant predictors after adjustment for BMI. Observations from crosssectional analyses, forty-four in adults, thirteen in children, supported these predictions. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed mean area under ROC (AUROC) values of 0·704, 0·693 and 0·671 for WHtR, WC and BMI, respectively. Mean boundary values for WHtR, covering all cardiometabolic outcomes, from studies in fourteen different countries and including Caucasian, Asian and Central American subjects, were 0·50 for men and 0·50 for women. WHtR and WC are therefore similar predictors of diabetes and CVD, both being stronger than, and independent of, BMI. To make firmer statistical comparison, a meta-analysis is required. The AUROC analyses indicate that WHtR may be a more useful global clinical screening tool than WC, with a weighted mean boundary value of 0·5, supporting the simple public health message 'keep your waist circumference to less than half your height'.

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Anthropometric correlates of blood pressure in normotensive Pakistani subjects

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Sex differences in correlates of obesity indices and blood pressure among Malay adults in Selangor, Malaysia

Sex differences in correlates of obesity indices and blood pressure among Malay adults in Selangor, Malaysia

Razão cintura/estatura comparado a outros indicadores antropométricos de obesidade como preditor de risco coronariano elevado

A systematic review of waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool for the prediction of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: 0·5 could be a suitable global boundary value

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